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He [Rabbi Akiva] used to say: Beloved is man
for he was created in the image of G-d. It is a greater love that it was
made known to him that he was created in the image of G-d, as it is
stated, ‘For in the image of G-d did He make man’ (Genesis 9:6). Beloved
are the Children of Israel for they are called children of the L-rd. It
is a greater love that it was made known to them that they are called
children of the L-rd, as it is stated, ‘You are children to the L-rd your
G-d’ (Deuteronomy 14:1). Beloved is Israel that they were given a
precious utensil (the Torah). It is an greater love that it was made
known to them that they were given a precious utensil, as it is said,
‘For I have given you a good possession; do not forsake My Torah’
(Proverbs 4:2).
Last week we
discussed the distinction between being fashioned in the image of G-d,
which is the case with all humanity, and being the “children” of G-d,
which is unique to Israel. As we explained, every human being has a
divine soul and a natural inclination towards goodness — as well as the
free will to follow the dictates of his soul rather than those of his
body. In this sense we are all formed in G-d’s image.
This trait,
however, goes only so far. If a person ignores his soul and follows his
animalistic and/or selfish desires, given enough time his soul will ebb
away and cease to influence him for the better. And in a spiritual sense
— and in the eyes of G-d — he will already be dead.
We, the Children of
Israel, are different. We do not only have souls, but they are forced
upon us. We are the children of G-d (figuratively, of course). And just
as a truly caring parent never entirely forsakes his child, G-d never
allows our souls to entirely perish within us. Even if a Jew lapses fully
from spirituality and tradition, G-d preserves that divine spark within
him or her, not allowing it to become utterly extinguished. And the Jew,
the child of G-d, no matter where he finds himself and how many years or
generations have elapsed, will feel that inexorable pull towards his
roots. His conscience — his soul — will never be fully quieted. He will
know there is something different — something special — about him. Even
if hardly audible, his soul will draw him towards G-d. And he will be
plagued with a deep and gnawing sense of lacking until he heeds its call.
Before moving on, I
should emphasize what this distinction between Jew and Gentile does and
does not imply. As we just explained, G-d forces the Jewish people to be
in touch with their souls and to never forget Him. But this does not
imply that G-d does not desire a relationship with all mankind. We are
all precious to G-d. The extra level of guarantee was a special gift
inherited from our forefathers — we have an unbreakable bond with G-d.
But unlike most other religions, this does not imply that G-d is Israel’s
exclusive domain. His is the G-d of all mankind, and desires a loving bond
with every one of us. It is just that the other nations can break it if
they so choose while Israel may not.
Another way of
looking at the distinction between Jew and Gentile is as follows. The
Children of Israel are referred to here as G-d’s children. How, by
contrast, would we describe the relationship G-d has with the rest of
mankind? As His subjects. To the rest of man G-d is King. To us He is
King as well, to be sure — in fact in many ways His governance of us is
far more demanding than of the world at large — but He is also Father. I
would like to examine this concept a little more closely.
I believe there are
two defining aspects to the master-subject relationship. The first is in
terms of intensity. Say a subject serves his king faithfully. He will
certainly be duly rewarded. And if he openly rebels he will be punished.
Say, however, he neither distinguishes himself for good nor bad. He will
attract little notice. The FBI will not stalk him, the IRS will not audit
his returns, and the NSA will not monitor his correspondence (maybe they
will anyway… whatever). But neither will he ever be distinguished for
superior service. He will likely live out his life unseen and unnoticed.
Now, of course, the
analogy of being unnoticed is not really applicable to an all-knowing
G-d. G-d knows each of us quite well. He sees a lot more beauty and value
in the human soul than we ourselves are aware of. However, such a subject
will not develop a warm and loving relationship with his King. He will
exist as a mere subject or servant of a remote Creator. It will be a loss
to himself, to G-d, and to humanity, but life will go on.
A second aspect of
the king-subject or master-servant relationship is that it is in essence
a pact of pragmatism. Each party is looking out for itself. It does for
the other because (and so long as) it serves its own interests. If a
servant does not obey his master properly, the master can easily dispose
of him and replace him with another more suited. And if a servant finds
his master too cruel or oppressive, he will rebel or run away (or at
least perform as little service as he can get away with). Their bond is
no stronger than the interests thereby served — what we will learn later
is called “a love which is dependent on something” (Pirkei Avos 5:19), and
which is as transient as the “something” it is dependent upon.
The parent-child
relationship is very different in both regards. Parents too make demands
on their children, and children must serve their parents. But the
relationship is not founded on practicality. It is founded on love. A
parent wants his or her child to succeed for the child’s sake. A truly caring
parent wants what is best for his child, invariably over and above what
is best for himself. (As I’ve heard R.
Noach Weinberg OBM point out, we get the slightest inkling of G-d’s
selfless love and caring for us (whom we refer to as “our Father in
heaven”) when we ourselves bear and raise children.)
The child likewise
wants the parent’s needs fulfilled because he feels an instinctive bond
with his parent. Ideally, he does not serve the parent because he gets
something out of it at all, but because it is what his parent wishes.
Further, unlike the
subject who might be indifferent to the king’s needs, a child can never
shirk his duties to his parent. A subject can be distant from his king.
If he chooses not to distinguish himself, he will earn neither the king’s
censure nor his approbation. But a child can never be indifferent to his
parent. There is no greater affront to a parent — or to anyone you have a
close relationship with — than ignoring him or her. (Have you ever had
that experience — the person you’re arguing with won’t even dignify you
with a response? Just walks off while you’re in the middle of talking?
You’re not even worthy of being disagreed with. It cuts like a knife…)
And such is far
worse even than insulting the other. Even if I argue, yell and insult, I
at least feel you are worthy of my insult: I have something to say
to you. There are some
lines of communication: you mean enough to me to be yelled at. But if I
ignore you, you are not worthy of any regard. You do not exist as far as
I’m concerned. You are a nothing, not even worth the insult.
Sometimes, a wife
in a difficult marriage will say she’d rather be ignored than treated the
way she is. That might well be true. But, as my teacher R. Yochanan Zweig pointed out,
when spouses begin ignoring each other rather than yelling, it is clear
their relationship is over. They might find living their own separate
lives preferable to living with each other. But calling a cease-fire is
not marriage. It is living separate, isolated existences. Choosing not to
communicate and endure difficult interactions might improve the lots of
the individuals involved (and might very well be the only practical
approach), but it also makes it clear that the relationship is dead.
We can now
appreciate our mishna’s final statement. G-d granted Israel the precious
utensil known as the Torah. G-d did not grant it to us as part of a
contractual or king-subject relationship. The idea is not: Do this and
earn reward. A servant or an employee might be offered such: Work
overtime and I’ll give you a bonus. And he might well decide to forgo the
bonus (or even suffer the punishment) just to avoid the toil. It’s his
reward to accept or reject.
But this is not the
case with the Torah. Our mishna calls it G-d’s “precious utensil.” It is
a symbol of G-d’s bond with us — of G-d’s marriage contract with Israel.
And such a precious gift cannot be rejected — just as the relationship
behind it can never be ignored. We must accept and cherish G-d’s precious
bestowment, bequeathed from loving Father to child. For G-d has given us
the means to a true relationship with Him. By studying the Torah’s wisdom
and values and integrating them into our beings, we become children
worthy of our Parent. For it is a “good possession;” G-d asks that we not
forsake it.
Text Copyright ©
2009 by Rabbi Dovid Rosenfeld and Torah.org.
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