ChaBaD Jewish Calendar Wednesday, March 8, 2023 15 Adar, 5783
ChaBaD Jewish Calendar Wednesday, March 8, 2023 15 Adar, 5783
Shushan Purim
Jewish History
The battles fought between the Jews and their enemies, which took place on Adar 13 throughout the Persian empire (see "Today in Jewish History" for that date), continued for two days -- Adar 13 and 14 -- in the capital city of Shushan, where there were a greater number of Jew haters. Thus the victory celebrations in Shushan were held on the 15th of Adar, and the observance of the festival of Purim was instituted for that day in Shushan and all walled cities. (See Laws and Customs below).
On this date, in the year following the Holy Temple’s destruction, G‑d tells Ezekiel to take up a lamentation for Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and for the Jewish nation’s other enemies, foretelling their ultimate downfall.
Read the prophecy here: Ezekiel ch. 32
Laws and Customs
In cities that are surrounded by a wall dating from the days of Joshua (13th century BCE) -- a prominent example is the city of Jerusalem -- the festival of Purim is observed on the 15th of Adar (instead of the 14th), in commemoration of the fact that in the ancient walled city of Shushan, the first Purim was celebrated on this day (see "Today in Jewish History").
(For an overview of the Purim observances and links to more information, see "Laws and Customs" for Adar 14.)
Daily Thought
The Ultimate Love of Moses
“And now, if You will forgive their sin, and if not, obliterate me from Your book that you have written.” (Exodus 32:32)
Moses’ plea can be read two ways. The simple reading is to add a single word: “If you will forgive their sin, good, and if not..”
But you can also read it as it is written:
Whether you forgive them or not, obliterate me.
Why? Why would Moses demand not only his physical death, but utter, eternal, spiritual obliteration? Moses, of all people, who certainly was fully cognizant of what this meant!
Certainly it was out of his love for his people. Because G‑d had told him, “Let me destroy them and I will make you into a great nation.”
At this, Moses shuddered with his entire being.
If not for him, G‑d could not destroy the Jewish people. After all, G‑d had promised their forefathers that their descendants would become a great nation.
If so, it was his existence that made possible the destruction of his own people.
Repulsed and horrified, Moses exclaimed, “Such a creature I cannot be! Please! Obliterate me as though I never was!”
This is a Jewish leader. There is no cell in his body that is not made of love for his people.
Hitvaduyot 5749, vol. 2, pg. 383. Sefer Hasichot 5749, vol. 1, pg 299. The Rebbe cited this reading from his father, Rabbi Levi Yitzchak of Yekitranislav.
Halachic Times (Zmanim)
Times for Jerusalem, Israel
4:42 AM
Dawn (Alot Hashachar):5:15 AM
Earliest Tallit and Tefillin (Misheyakir):5:59 AM
Sunrise (Hanetz Hachamah):8:52 AM
Latest Shema:9:51 AM
Latest Shacharit:11:50 AM
Midday (Chatzot Hayom):12:20 PM
Earliest Mincha (Mincha Gedolah):3:18 PM
Mincha Ketanah (“Small Mincha”):4:32 PM
Plag Hamincha (“Half of Mincha”):5:42 PM
Sunset (Shkiah):6:07 PM
Nightfall (Tzeit Hakochavim):11:49 PM
Midnight (Chatzot HaLailah):59:12 min.
Shaah Zmanit (proportional hour):Free to study all Jewish Scripture:
- Sefaria CalendarOur Prayer and hope: All the gates to the Har ha-Bait have to be opened for Jews and non-Jews seven days in the week 24 hours a day. The Jews need to have the freedom to go with Tefillin, Tallit and Torah Scroll up on the Mountain to serve Hashem. And do קידה ('Kidah' prostate, laying down, before Hashem) Everyone showing his/her respect for the Jewish and all other religions. But NOT for the words/deeds/sins spoken against any word of the Torah of Moshe Rabbeinu and the 'real' teachings of the Jewish Rabbis. The Jews must be the guardians of the Har ha-Bait.תפילתנו ותקוותנו: כל שערי הר הבית צריכים להיפתח עבור יהודים ולא-יהודים שבעה ימים בשבוע 24 שעות ביממה. ליהודים צריך להיות חופש ללכת עם תפילין, טלית וספר תורה במעלה ההר כדי לשרת את ה' ולקוד קידה .מתוך הפגנת כבוד ליהודים ולכל הדתות האחרות, אבל לא למילים/למעשים/לחטאים הנאמרים נגד תורת משה רבנו. מלמודי רבנים, היהודים חייבים להיות שומרי הר הבית.Ariel, hopefully your Representeeאריאל, מקווה שהנציג שלך
Eze 32:1-32 And it came to be in the twelfth year, in the twelfth new moon, on the first of the new moon, that the word of Adonai came to me, saying,
2 “Son of man, take up a lamentation for Pharaoh sovereign of Mitsrayim, and you shall say to him, ‘You were like a young lion among the nations, and you are like a monster in the seas, and you burst forth in your rivers, and trouble the waters with your feet, and muddy their rivers.’
Rashi: You resembled a young lion among the nations, but you are like a crocodile in the seas: You should have lain in the midst of your rivers, as is the custom of the fish, and not gone out to the dry land; but you were haughty in your heart, and you compared yourself to a young lion, which dominates the dry land and goes forth to tear prey.
Rashi: You resembled a young lion among the nations, but you are like a crocodile in the seas: You should have lain in the midst of your rivers, as is the custom of the fish, and not gone out to the dry land; but you were haughty in your heart, and you compared yourself to a young lion, which dominates the dry land and goes forth to tear prey.
and you went out with your rivers: [Heb. וַתָּגַח,] and you went out with your rivers, the same meaning as in (Ps. 22:10): “You drew me (גֹחִי) from the womb;” (Job 40:23), “he will draw (יָגִיחַ) the Jordan into his mouth;” Jud. 20:33), “And the liers in wait of Israel drew forth (מֵגִיחַ).” [This is] an expression for something flowing and going out of a hidden place.
and you sullied: [Heb. וַתִּדְלַח,] an expression of making something murky.
with your feet: You had no feet, but I made for you feet like the beasts of the earth, to cross the waters of the lands and to tread their rivers. The symbolism is like Targum Jonathan: and you waged war with your camps and you caused the peoples to quake with your supporters, and you destroyed their countries.
3 “Thus said the Master Adonai, ‘And I shall spread My net over you with an assembly of many peoples, and they shall bring you up in My net.
Rashi: with My net: [Heb. בְּחֶרְמִי,] a word for a net, and there are many in Scriptures, [e.g.,] (Hab. 1:15): “he catches them in his net (בְּחֶרְמוֹ);” (Ecc. 7:26), “snares and nets (וַחֲרָמִים).”
Rashi: with My net: [Heb. בְּחֶרְמִי,] a word for a net, and there are many in Scriptures, [e.g.,] (Hab. 1:15): “he catches them in his net (בְּחֶרְמוֹ);” (Ecc. 7:26), “snares and nets (וַחֲרָמִים).”
4 And I shall leave you on the land, hurl you out on the open fields, and make all the birds of the heavens dwell on you. And with you I shall satisfy the beasts of all the earth.
5 And I shall put your flesh on the mountains, and fill the valleys with your height,
Rashi: and I shall fill the valleys with what is cast off from you: [Heb. רָמוּתֶךְ] your casting, like (Exod. 15:1): “He cast (רָמָה) into the sea.” Others say that רָמוּתֶךְ is meant as a form of the word for worm (רִמָה), like (ibid. 16:20): “and it became alive with worms (וַיָרֻם).
Rashi: and I shall fill the valleys with what is cast off from you: [Heb. רָמוּתֶךְ] your casting, like (Exod. 15:1): “He cast (רָמָה) into the sea.” Others say that רָמוּתֶךְ is meant as a form of the word for worm (רִמָה), like (ibid. 16:20): “and it became alive with worms (וַיָרֻם).
6 and water the land with the flow of your blood unto the mountains, and let streams be filled with you.
Rashi: And I shall water… the land where you float: [Heb. צָפָתְךָ,] the land where you float on the surface of the water of your rivers-like (Lam. 3:54): “Water floated (צָפוּ) over my head;” (II Kings 6:6): “and the axe blade floated (וַיָצֶף)” - that land I will water with your blood.
even to the mountains: the highest [mountains] in it. צָפָתְ is ton flottement in French, your floating, swimming.
and the streams: [Heb. וַאֲפִיקִים,] riveyes in Old French, gullies, gulches; streams.
Rashi: And I shall water… the land where you float: [Heb. צָפָתְךָ,] the land where you float on the surface of the water of your rivers-like (Lam. 3:54): “Water floated (צָפוּ) over my head;” (II Kings 6:6): “and the axe blade floated (וַיָצֶף)” - that land I will water with your blood.
even to the mountains: the highest [mountains] in it. צָפָתְ is ton flottement in French, your floating, swimming.
and the streams: [Heb. וַאֲפִיקִים,] riveyes in Old French, gullies, gulches; streams.
7 And when I extinguish you, I shall cover the heavens, and make its stars dark. I shall cover the sun with a cloud, and the moon shall not give her light.
Rashi: And with your smoke I will cover the heavens: [Heb. בְּכַבּוֹתְךָ, lit. with you extinguishing.] When your conflagration will be extinguished, the smoke will rise and cover the sky and darken the luminaries; i.e., all who hear the news of what happened to you will mourn and be astonished, because everyone will worry about himself, saying, “The destroyer will stand up over us as well.”
Rashi: And with your smoke I will cover the heavens: [Heb. בְּכַבּוֹתְךָ, lit. with you extinguishing.] When your conflagration will be extinguished, the smoke will rise and cover the sky and darken the luminaries; i.e., all who hear the news of what happened to you will mourn and be astonished, because everyone will worry about himself, saying, “The destroyer will stand up over us as well.”
8 All the bright lights of the heavens I shall make dark over you, and I shall bring darkness upon your land,’ declares the Master Adonai.
Rashi: All the bright lights in the heavens: the heavenly princes, your intercessors.
Rashi: All the bright lights in the heavens: the heavenly princes, your intercessors.
9 And I shall trouble the hearts of many peoples, when I bring your destruction among the nations, into the lands which you have not known.
Rashi: And I will vex the heart: i.e., their heart will tremble and quake.
when I bring your ruin: when I bring the ruin of your battles among the peoples.
Rashi: And I will vex the heart: i.e., their heart will tremble and quake.
when I bring your ruin: when I bring the ruin of your battles among the peoples.
10 And I shall make many peoples appalled at you, and their sovereigns shall be greatly afraid of you when I swing My sword before them. And they shall tremble continually, every man for his own life, in the day of your fall.’
Rashi: And I will cause… to be appalled: [Heb. וַהֲשִּׁוֹתִי,] an expression of bewilderment.
when I cause My sword to fly before their faces: [Heb. בְּעוֹפְפִי,] an expression of a flying bird, when I send upon you the army of My emissaries through their land.
and they will quake at their ruin: [Heb. לִרְגָעִים,] to ruins, lest ruin come upon them as well. Another explanation: an expression of an actual moment (רֶגַע). In this sense, Menachem (p. 162) connects it.
everyone for himself: each one concerning himself, soi-meme in French, for himself.
Rashi: And I will cause… to be appalled: [Heb. וַהֲשִּׁוֹתִי,] an expression of bewilderment.
when I cause My sword to fly before their faces: [Heb. בְּעוֹפְפִי,] an expression of a flying bird, when I send upon you the army of My emissaries through their land.
and they will quake at their ruin: [Heb. לִרְגָעִים,] to ruins, lest ruin come upon them as well. Another explanation: an expression of an actual moment (רֶגַע). In this sense, Menachem (p. 162) connects it.
everyone for himself: each one concerning himself, soi-meme in French, for himself.
11 “For thus said the Master Adonai, ‘The sword of the sovereign of Baḇel shall come upon you.
12 By the swords of the mighty men, all of them the ruthless ones of the nations, I shall make your host fall. And they shall ravage the arrogance of Mitsrayim, and all its host shall be destroyed.
13 And I shall destroy all its beasts from beside its great waters, and let the foot of man trouble them no more, nor let the hooves of beasts trouble them.
Rashi: from beside… waters: of other countries that you used to sully.
Rashi: from beside… waters: of other countries that you used to sully.
14 Then I shall make their waters clear, and make their rivers run like oil,’ declares the Master Adonai.
Rashi: I shall sink their waters: The foot of cattle will not make it murky, and the mud will sink, so that the water will be clear and clean like refined oil.
Rashi: I shall sink their waters: The foot of cattle will not make it murky, and the mud will sink, so that the water will be clear and clean like refined oil.
15 When I lay the land of Mitsrayim waste, and the land shall be stripped of all that once filled it, when I have stricken all who dwell in it, then they shall know that I am Adonai.
Rashi: a land that is full: [Heb. אֶרֶץמִמְלוֹאָה, a land that is now full (מִמְוּלָאָה) of all goodness.
Rashi: a land that is full: [Heb. אֶרֶץמִמְלוֹאָה, a land that is now full (מִמְוּלָאָה) of all goodness.
16 This is the lamentation, and they shall lament her, the daughters of the nations lament her. Over Mitsrayim and over all her crowd they shall lament her,’ declares the Master Adonai.”
17 And it came to be in the twelfth year, on the fifteenth of the new moon, that the word of Adonai came to me, saying,
18 “Son of man, wail over the crowd of Mitsrayim, and send them down to the depths of the earth, her and the daughters of the mighty nations, with those going down to the pit.
Rashi: lament: Weep and lament.
and bring it down, it and the daughters, etc.: prophesy, about him and about all the heathens, that they will descend into the Pit of Destruction. Here the Holy One, blessed be He, showed Ezekiel that all the heathens descend to Gehinnom.
Rashi: lament: Weep and lament.
and bring it down, it and the daughters, etc.: prophesy, about him and about all the heathens, that they will descend into the Pit of Destruction. Here the Holy One, blessed be He, showed Ezekiel that all the heathens descend to Gehinnom.
19 Are you more pleasant than others? Go down, be placed with the uncircumcised.’
Rashi: Whom have you surpassed in pleasantness: Are you any better than the other uncircumcised ones? You too will descend into the Pit and lie with them.
Rashi: Whom have you surpassed in pleasantness: Are you any better than the other uncircumcised ones? You too will descend into the Pit and lie with them.
20 “In the midst of those slain by the sword they fall. She shall be given to the sword, drawing her and all her crowds.
Rashi: it was delivered to the sword: Egypt was delivered to the sword.
Rashi: it was delivered to the sword: Egypt was delivered to the sword.
21 “The mightiest among the mighty speak to him out of the midst of She’ol with those who help him, ‘They have gone down, they lie with the uncircumcised, slain by the sword.’
Rashi: shall speak of him: [Heb. יְדַבְּרוּ לוֹ] shall speak of him and of his helpers.
the strongest of the mighty men… from the midst of the Grave: Transpose the verse and interpret it: They shall speak of him אֶת עֹזרָיו, with his helpers; i.e., concerning all his helpers with him, too, shall the strongest of the mighty men, who are in the Grave, speak, and they will say about them thus:
the uncircumcised… descended, etc.: Every לָהֶם, לִי, לוֹ, and לְךָ written next to דִבּוּר, speech, means nothing but “about.”
Rashi: shall speak of him: [Heb. יְדַבְּרוּ לוֹ] shall speak of him and of his helpers.
the strongest of the mighty men… from the midst of the Grave: Transpose the verse and interpret it: They shall speak of him אֶת עֹזרָיו, with his helpers; i.e., concerning all his helpers with him, too, shall the strongest of the mighty men, who are in the Grave, speak, and they will say about them thus:
the uncircumcised… descended, etc.: Every לָהֶם, לִי, לוֹ, and לְךָ written next to דִבּוּר, speech, means nothing but “about.”
22 “Ashshur is there, and all her assembly, with their burial-sites all around her, all of them slain, fallen by the sword,
Rashi: There are Assyria: in Gehinnom.
around it [are its graves]: In the midst of the Grave its graves are prepared, for from there it will not emerge to rest in a grave.
Rashi: There are Assyria: in Gehinnom.
around it [are its graves]: In the midst of the Grave its graves are prepared, for from there it will not emerge to rest in a grave.
23 whose burial-sites are set in the sides of the pit, and her assembly is all around her burial-place, all of them slain, fallen by the sword, because they instilled fear in the land of the living.
Rashi: in the utmost part of the Pit: in the depths of the Pit; in the midst of its depth.
and whose company was: in the midst of the Grave, “was around its grave.”
who cast destruction: [Heb. חִתִית,] who cast destruction in the land of Israel.
Rashi: in the utmost part of the Pit: in the depths of the Pit; in the midst of its depth.
and whose company was: in the midst of the Grave, “was around its grave.”
who cast destruction: [Heb. חִתִית,] who cast destruction in the land of Israel.
24 “There is Ěylam and all her crowd, around her burial-place, all of them slain, fallen by the sword, who have gone down uncircumcised to the lower parts of the earth, because they instilled fear in the land of the living. And they bear their shame with those going down to the pit.
25 “They have set her bed in the midst of the slain, with all her crowd, with her burial-sites all around it, all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword, for the fear they instilled in the land of the living. So they bear their shame with those going down to the pit. In the midst of the slain they have been placed.
Rashi: they provided a bed for her: for Elam.
Rashi: they provided a bed for her: for Elam.
26 “There are Mesheḵ and Tuḇal and all her crowd, with all their burial-sites around it, all of them uncircumcised, slain by the sword, because they instilled fear in the land of the living.
Rashi: slain by the sword: [Heb. מְחֻלְלֵי,] like הֲרוּגֵי.
Rashi: slain by the sword: [Heb. מְחֻלְלֵי,] like הֲרוּגֵי.
27 “And they shall not lie with the mighty who are fallen of the uncircumcised, who have gone down to She’ol with their battle gear, and whose swords were laid under their heads. But their crookednesses are on their bones, because of the fear of the mighty in the land of the living.
Rashi: But they will not lie: These who were mentioned [will not lie] with the mighty who died a natural death, for they will be inferior to and worse than the uncircumcised who died a natural death and descended with their weapons into the Grave.
and they laid: i.e., those who buried them [laid]…
their swords under their heads: as a sign to make it known that the sword did not prevail over them.
and their iniquities were upon their bones: Nothing was lacking from their iniquity, for the slaying sword did not expiate it, because they were not slain. Now what is the iniquity? That the destruction wrought by these mighty men was in the land of the living.
Rashi: But they will not lie: These who were mentioned [will not lie] with the mighty who died a natural death, for they will be inferior to and worse than the uncircumcised who died a natural death and descended with their weapons into the Grave.
and they laid: i.e., those who buried them [laid]…
their swords under their heads: as a sign to make it known that the sword did not prevail over them.
and their iniquities were upon their bones: Nothing was lacking from their iniquity, for the slaying sword did not expiate it, because they were not slain. Now what is the iniquity? That the destruction wrought by these mighty men was in the land of the living.
28 “And you shall be broken in the midst of the uncircumcised, and lie with those slain by the sword.
Rashi: And you - in the midst of the uncircumcised: He is addressing Pharaoh.
with those slain by the sword: and not with those who die a natural death.
Rashi: And you - in the midst of the uncircumcised: He is addressing Pharaoh.
with those slain by the sword: and not with those who die a natural death.
29 “There is Eḏom, her sovereigns and all her princes, who shall be given up in their might, with those slain by the sword. With the uncircumcised they lie, and with those going down to the pit.
30 “There are the princes of the north, all of them, and all the Tsiḏonians, who have gone down with the slain, because of the fear they instilled. They are ashamed of their might. And they lie uncircumcised with those slain by the sword, and bear their shame with those going down to the pit.
Rashi: ashamed when they are destroyed in spite of their might: [Jonathan renders:] When they are broken in spite of their might, they are ashamed.
Rashi: ashamed when they are destroyed in spite of their might: [Jonathan renders:] When they are broken in spite of their might, they are ashamed.
31 “Pharaoh – Pharaoh and all his army – shall see them, and he shall be comforted for all his host that were slain by the sword,” declares the Master Adonai.
32 “For I have put a fear of him in the land of the living, yet he shall be placed in the midst of the uncircumcised with those slain by the sword – Pharaoh and all his host,” declares the Master Adonai.
Rashi: For I shall cast My fear into the land of the living: For I shall cast My fear into the land of the living and the fear of man will no longer be cast therein.
Rashi: For I shall cast My fear into the land of the living: For I shall cast My fear into the land of the living and the fear of man will no longer be cast therein.
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