Sefaria Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 72, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996
Sefaria Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 72, trans. Rabbi Avrohom Davis, Metsudah Pub., 1996
About This Text
Kitzur Shulchan Arukh
Halakhah
The Kitzur Shulchan Arukh (“Abridged Shulchan Arukh”) is a simplified summary of the Shulchan Arukh, focusing on Orach Chayim and Yoreh De’ah, the sections most relevant to ordinary daily life. The work presents laws without listing differing views or providing reasoning, interspersing ethical maxims throughout. Immensely popular for its simplicity and clarity, it functions as a handbook for daily life for many Ashkenazi Jews and has been translated into five languages. It is known for its strict rulings.
Composed: Uzhgorod (c.1844 – c.1864 CE)נוצר/נערך: אוז'הורוד (1844 – 1864 לספירה בקירוב)
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Current Translation
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Digitization: Sefaria
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For commentary etc. (right side page under resources) click: Kitzur Shulchan Arukh 72:1 with About (sefaria.org)
The holy Shabbos is the great sign and covenant which the Holy One Blessed is He gave to us, to know that in six days the Almighty made the heavens and the earth and all that is in them, and abstained from work on the seventh day. This is the foundation of our faith. Our Sages of blessed memory said: "Shabbos is equivalent to all the mitzvos." "Whoever keeps the Shabbos in accordance with its laws is regarded as though he fulfilled the entire Torah;" and "whoever desecrates the Shabbos is like one who completely denies the whole Torah." And so it is said in Ezra: "And You came down on Mount Sinai and You gave Your people righteous judgments and true laws … and Your holy Shabbos You made known to them."
Anyone who desecrates the Shabbos publicly is regarded as a non-Jew in every respect. If he touches wine you are forbidden to drink it; the bread he bakes is like the bread of a non-Jew; the food he cooks is like the food cooked by a non-Jew. "Publicly" means in the presence of ten Jews and it is not necessary that he actually desecrates the Shabbos in their presence, but [even] if they know of the desecration it is considered public. This law is derived from the Talmud and poskim. The Talmud asks, "Was not the incident of Queen Esther public knowledge?" The Peri Megadim ruled that "publicly" means in the presence of ten Jewish men, or when the desecration is public knowledge.
Therefore, the prophet offers praise and says, "Fortunate is the man who does this, and the son of man who maintains this, he who preserves the Shabbos from desecration etc." The prophet describes the reward of one who keeps the Shabbos in accordance with Halachah, and honors it and delights in it to his utmost ability. He will be rewarded in this world besides the great reward reserved for him in the World to Come, as it is said: "If you restrain your feet [from going out of the techum] and abstain from doing your business on My holy day and you proclaim Shabbos a delightful day, and the sanctified of God, honored, and honor it by not engaging in your weekday activities, and abstain from pursuing your business affairs and (from) speaking words [pertaining to your weekday needs]; then you will delight yourself before Hashem, and I will cause you to ride over the heights of the earth, and will nourish you with the inheritance of Jacob, your father, for the mouth of God has spoken."
It is written, "Remember the Shabbos day to keep it holy," which means: you must remember the Shabbos every day of the week to keep it holy. Thus, if you happen to find a rare delicacy which is not available every day, and which will not spoil, you should buy it in honor of Shabbos. On the eve of Shabbos it is a mitzvah to rise early in the morning to purchase your Shabbos needs. You may shop for them even before saying the [morning] prayers, provided that doing so will not cause you to miss praying with the congregation. It is preferable to make purchases on Friday in honor of Shabbos rather than on Thursday. But something that requires preparation should be purchased on Thursday. With each purchase you make you should say, "This is in honor of Shabbos." In accordance with the ordinance of Ezra, clothes should be laundered on Thursday in honor of Shabbos, and not on Friday, because on Friday you must be engaged in preparations for Shabbos.
Even though he has many servants, it is a mitzvah for every person to do something himself in honor of Shabbos, in order to honor it, as was the custom of Amoraim. Rav Chisda used to cut the vegetables very fine, Rabba and Rav Yosef used to chop wood [for cooking], and Rav Zeira used to light the fire. Rav Nachman used to put the house in order, and would bring in the vessels needed for Shabbos and remove the weekday vessels. Everyone should learn from them and not say "I will not blemish my honor," for by honoring the Shabbos, he honors himself.
It is the custom among Jews everywhere, to bake breads (Challos) at home in honor of Shabbos. Certainly if on weekdays you eat bread from a non-Jewish (kosher) bakery, you should take care to eat bread baked in a Jewish bakery on the holy day of Shabbos. But even if on weekdays you eat bread from a Jewish bakery, nevertheless, in honor of Shabbos, the bread should be baked at home to give the woman of the house the opportunity to fulfill the mitzvah of separating challah. This is especially important for the woman because Adam was created on Erev Shabbos (Friday) and he was the challah of the world. The woman (Eve), through her sin caused him to lose (much of his spiritual greatness); she, therefore, must rectify this loss (through the mitzvah of challah). Three challahs should be made: a large one, a medium one, and a small one. The medium one for the evening meal, the large one for the daytime meal, to show that the honor of the daytime meal is of greater importance; and the small one for the third meal.
You should prepare choice meats, and fish, and fine wine according to your means. It is a mitzvah to eat fish at every Shabbos meal if it agrees with you. But if it does not agree with you or if it isn't pleasing to your taste you should not eat it, for the Shabbos was given for enjoyment and not for discomfort. You should sharpen the knives, for this is also included in honoring the Shabbos. You should put the house in order, make the beds, and cover the table with a tablecloth. The table should remain covered the entire Shabbos. Some people are meticulous to spread out two tablecloths. You should rejoice in the coming of the Shabbos. Imagine how you would put the house in order in honor of the arrival of a dear and distinguished person, all the more so [should you exert yourself] in honor of the Shabbos Queen. In some places they make meat pies, also called mulyesa for the Shabbos evening meal, in remembrance of the Manna which lay as if in a box, dew on the bottom and dew on top. On Erev Shabbos, you should taste the food that was cooked for Shabbos.
Even a poor Jew should endeavor and make every effort to delight in the Shabbos. He should economize all week in order to have enough money to honor the Shabbos. And if he doesn't have money he should borrow, even if he must give security, in order to provide the needs of Shabbos. Regarding this, our Rabbis of blessed memory said, "My children, borrow for My sake and I will repay you." On Rosh Hashana all of man's needs are apportioned for him except his expenses for Shabbos and Yom Tov, for if he spends more for Shabbos and Yom Tov, Heaven adds more to his (allotment). If he is in extremely poor financial straits, our Rabbis of blessed memory said, "Make your Shabbos simple (like the weekdays) rather than depend on people." Nevertheless, if at all possible, he should at least try to do something to honor the Shabbos, even a minor thing, like [purchasing] small fish or the like. If something is sent to you to eat on Shabbos, you should eat it on Shabbos and not leave it for a weekday.
From nine hours, shaos zemanios and thereafter, it is a mitzvah to refrain from eating a regular meal, even the kind you regularly eat during the week. A type of meal that is not usually eaten during the week, even a meal that is considered a mitzvah that can be eaten on another day must not be eaten at any time on Friday, (not) even in the morning. But a meal that is considered a mitzvah which must be eaten specifically (on that) day, such as the meal given at a circumcision, or at the redemption of the first born son, and the like, is permitted. But, nevertheless, it is proper to (make it) early in the morning and not to prolong it, and certainly not to indulge in overeating, so that you will be able to eat the Shabbos meal with appetite.
Every man must complete the Parshah of the week with the congregation; that is, you should read the weekly portion (of the Torah) twice and the Targum (Onkelos) once. From Sunday and after, it is considered [reading] 'with the congregation' (for the congregation has already started reading this portion at Minchah on Shabbos). But the mitzvah done in its perfection is to read it on Erev Shabbos in the afternoon. You should [first] read each chapter two times and after that the Targum. It makes no difference if the Chapter is a closed or open one. And even if the chapter ends in the middle of a verse, you should stop there. After finishing the Targum you should read one verse from the Torah in order to conclude with the Torah. It is best not to interrupt the reading with conversation. It is also customary to read the Haftarah, and some are accustomed also to say Shir HaShirim after that. If you are traveling and you have only a Chumash without Targum, you should read the weekly Torah portion two times, and when you come to a place where a Targum is available you should read the Targum. [Every God fearing Jew should also study Rashi's commentary on the Sidrah. If you are not capable [of learning Rashi], you should study a commentary in Yiddish such as the seifer Tze'enah Ure'enah in order to understand the subject matter of the Sidrah].
It is a mitzvah for everyone to wash his face, hands, and feet with hot water every Friday. And if possible you should wash your whole body with hot water, and immerse yourself in the mikveh [ritualarium].
It is forbidden to bathe with your father, father-in-law, your mother's husband, or your sister's husband. And in places where it is customary to cover their nakedness in the bath house, it is permitted. And also the student should not bathe with his (teacher) Rebbe, but if he needs him to assist him, it is permitted.
It is a mitzvah to wash your hair and to cut your nails and to have your hair cut if it is too long. You should not cut your fingernails and toenails on the same day, and you should not cut your nails or your hair on Rosh Chodesh, even if it occurs on Erev Shabbos. Some are particular not to cut their nails in consecutive order but to alternate; beginning with the right hand, you start with the finger next to the thumb, and the symbol is 2, 4, 1, 3, 5. On the left (hand) you start with the fourth finger, and the symbol is 4, 2, 5, 3, 1. Some are also particular not to cut their nails on Thursday because they start growing on Shabbos which is the third day. It is proper to take care to burn your nails after they are cut.
Every Erev Shabbos you should examine your deeds, arouse yourself to repent and make amends for all the misdeeds you did in the six weekdays; because Erev Shabbos incorporates all the days of the week, just as Erev Rosh Chodesh incorporates the whole month.
You should try to wear fine clothing and also a nice tallis in honor of Shabbos, as it is written "And you shall honor it;" and it is explained [by the Sages] that your Shabbos clothes should not be like your weekday clothes. And even if you are traveling amongst non-Jews, you should wear Shabbos clothes, because the clothes are not for the honor of those who see them but for the honor of the Shabbos.
Cooked foods must be removed from the coals before Shabbos. If you forgot, and did not remove them, you are forbidden to remove the pot while coals are burning around it; since by taking the pot the coals will be moved. But it is permissible through a non-Jew.
Cooked food [may be] placed in the oven [on Friday] to be eaten on Shabbos, as is our custom. Even though the door is not sealed with mortar, it is permitted. However, it is forbidden to open the oven at night, for there may be food which is not thoroughly cooked, and by closing the oven afterwards you will cause the cooking to be accelerated.
The law which permits us to place cooked food in the oven even when the oven door is not sealed with mortar applies only to meat, and also to various kinds of legumes [peas, etc.], and also to various types of dough, provided you put them in the oven a long time before nightfall, so that the food will be cooked a little before nightfall, until it reaches the stage when it can be eaten with difficulty. But if you place legumes or types of dough in the oven close to nightfall you must seal the oven door with mortar. (For probably the coals were not removed or were not covered and cooled with ashes properly.) You must be careful about this; for if you failed to do this, the food is forbidden even bediavad (post factum) until after Shabbos, until enough time has elapsed to accomplish what was done (on Shabbos)
On Shabbos, opening the oven door that is sealed with mortar, should be done by a non-Jew, and if a non-Jew is not available, it should be opened by a minor. If a minor is unavailable, even an adult may open it, but in a way that is different than on a weekday.
Erev Shabbos, when you put a pot of coffee, into a hole [in the ground], [to retain its warmth,] so that it can be used on Shabbos, and cover it with pillows or similar things to keep it warm; if you put it into sand, it is forbidden to insert the whole vessel into the sand. Even if you don't insert the whole vessel but only part of it, and you cover the remainder with clothing or similar things, so that the whole vessel is covered on all sides, this too is forbidden. You must do it in such a way that the pot of coffee is inserted so that only one half or one third is in the sand, and the remainder exposed to the air (in the hole). You may then place a board or inverted vessel to cover the hole so that there is air space between it (the cover) and the pot of coffee. After doing this you may put over them clothing, pillows or similar items. (For more laws pertaining to hatmanah see Shulchan Aruch, Chapters 257, 258, 259.)
Before dark on Friday you should gently ask your household: "Did you separate Challah?" And you should tell them to light the (Shabbos) candles.
You must examine your clothing on Friday before dark (to see) whether a needle is stuck in them or if there is anything in the pockets. Even in a place where there is an eiruv [it is necessary to check clothing] because the pockets might contain something that is muktzeh.
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Siman 72
שַׁבָּת קֹדֶשׁ הוּא הָאוֹת הַגָּדוֹל וְהַבְּרִית, שֶׁנָּתַן לָנוּ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, לָדַעַת כִּי בְּשֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים עָשָׂה ה' אֶת הַשָּׁמַיִם וְאֶת הָאָרֶץ וְכָל אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם וְשַׁבָּת בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי, וְהוּא יְסוֹד הָאֱמוּנָה. וְאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, שְׁקוּלָה שַׁבָּת כְּכָל הַמִצְוֹת. כָּל הַמְשַׁמֵּר אֶת הַשַׁבָּת כְּהִלְכָתוֹ, כְּאִלּוּ מְקַיֵּם כָּל הַתּוֹרָה כֻּלָּהּ. וְכָל הַמְחַלֵּל אֶת הַשַׁבָּת, כְּאִלּוּ כָּפַר בְּכָל הַתּוֹרָה כֻּלָּהּ (רמב"ם סוֹף הלכות שַׁבָּת ומגיד משנה שָׁם, וחיי"א ריש הלכות שַׁבָּת). וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר בְּעֶזְרָא, וְעַל הַר סִינַי יָרַדְתָּ וְגוֹ' וַתִּתֵּן לָהֶם מִשְׁפָּטִים יְשָׁרִים וְתוֹרוֹת אֱמֶת וְגוֹ', וְאֶת שַׁבָּת קָדְשְׁךָ הוֹדַעְתָּ לָהֶם.
The holy Shabbos is the great sign and covenant which the Holy One Blessed is He gave to us, to know that in six days the Almighty made the heavens and the earth and all that is in them, and abstained from work on the seventh day. This is the foundation of our faith. Our Sages of blessed memory said: "Shabbos is equivalent to all the mitzvos." "Whoever keeps the Shabbos in accordance with its laws is regarded as though he fulfilled the entire Torah;" and "whoever desecrates the Shabbos is like one who completely denies the whole Torah." And so it is said in Ezra: "And You came down on Mount Sinai and You gave Your people righteous judgments and true laws … and Your holy Shabbos You made known to them."
וְכָל הַמְחַלֵּל אֶת הַשַׁבָּת בְּפַרְהֶסְיָא, הֲרֵי הוּא כְּעוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים לְכָל דְּבָרָיו. אִם נוֹגֵעַ בְּיַיִן אוֹסְרוֹ. וְהַפַּת שֶׁהוּא אוֹפֶה הֲוֵי כְּמוֹ פַּת שֶׁל עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים. וְכֵן הַתַּבְשִׁיל שֶׁהוּא מְבַשֵּׁל, הֲוֵי כְּמוֹ בִּשּׁוּלֵי עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים (וְעַיֵּן לְעֵיל סִימָן ל"ח). וּפַרְהֶסְיָא הֲוֵי בִּפְנֵי עֲשָׂרָה מִיִשְֹרָאֵל. וְלָאו דַּוְקָא שֶׁעושֶׁה בִּפְנֵיהֶם מַמָּשׁ, אֶלָּא שֶׁיּוֹדְעִין מֵהָעֲבֵרָה (ש"ך סִימָן קנ"ז סָעִיף קטן ד'), דְּהָכִי מוּכָח בְּשַׁ"ס וּפוֹסְקִים, גַּבֵּי וְהָא אֶסְתֵּר פַּרְהֶסְיָא הֲוָה. וְכֵן כָּתַב הַפְּרִי מְגָדִים (יו"ד סִימָן ב'. שפ"ד סָעִיף קטן י"ז), פִּרְסוּם הֲוֵי עֲשָׂרָה מִיִשְֹרָאֵל אוֹ שֶׁיֵּדַע שֶׁיִּתְפַּרְסֵם (יו"ד סִימָן ב').
Anyone who desecrates the Shabbos publicly is regarded as a non-Jew in every respect. If he touches wine you are forbidden to drink it; the bread he bakes is like the bread of a non-Jew; the food he cooks is like the food cooked by a non-Jew. "Publicly" means in the presence of ten Jews and it is not necessary that he actually desecrates the Shabbos in their presence, but [even] if they know of the desecration it is considered public. This law is derived from the Talmud and poskim. The Talmud asks, "Was not the incident of Queen Esther public knowledge?" The Peri Megadim ruled that "publicly" means in the presence of ten Jewish men, or when the desecration is public knowledge.
לְפִיכָךְ מְשַׁבֵּחַ הַנָּבִיא וְאוֹמֵר, אַשְׁרֵי אֱנוֹשׁ יַעֲשֶׂה זֹאת וּבֶן אָדָם יַחְזִיק בָּהּ שׁוֹמֵר שַׁבָּת מְחַלְּלוֹ וְגוֹ' וְכָל הַשּׁוֹמֵר אֶת הַשַׁבָּת כְּהִלְכָתוֹ וּמְכַבְּדוֹ וּמְעַנְּגוֹ כְּפִי כֹּחוֹ, גַּם כֵּן מְפֹרָשׁ עַל פִּי הַנָּבִיא שְׂכָרוֹ גַּם בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, חוּץ מִן הַשָּכָר הָרַב הַצָּפוּן לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר, אִם תָּשִׁיב מִשַׁבָּת רַגְלֶךָ עֲשׂוֹת חֲפָצֶךָ בְּיוֹם קָדְשִׁי, וְקָרָאתָ לַשַׁבָּת עֹנֶג לִקְדושׁ ה' מְכֻבָּד, וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ, מִמְּצוֹא חֶפְצְךָ וְדַבֵּר דָּבָר, אָז תִּתְעַנַּג עַל ה', וְהִרְכַּבְתִּיךָ עַל בָּמֳתֵי אָרֶץ, וְהֶאֱכַלְתִּיךָ נַחֲלַת יַעֲקֹב אָבִיךָ כִּי פִּי ה' דִּבֵּר (רמב"ם שָׁם).
Therefore, the prophet offers praise and says, "Fortunate is the man who does this, and the son of man who maintains this, he who preserves the Shabbos from desecration etc." The prophet describes the reward of one who keeps the Shabbos in accordance with Halachah, and honors it and delights in it to his utmost ability. He will be rewarded in this world besides the great reward reserved for him in the World to Come, as it is said: "If you restrain your feet [from going out of the techum] and abstain from doing your business on My holy day and you proclaim Shabbos a delightful day, and the sanctified of God, honored, and honor it by not engaging in your weekday activities, and abstain from pursuing your business affairs and (from) speaking words [pertaining to your weekday needs]; then you will delight yourself before Hashem, and I will cause you to ride over the heights of the earth, and will nourish you with the inheritance of Jacob, your father, for the mouth of God has spoken."
כְּתִיב זָכֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ. פֵּרוּשׁ שֶׁיִּזְכּוֹר בְּכָל יוֹם וָיוֹם אֶת יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת לְקַדְּשׁוֹ, שֶׁאִם נִזְדַּמֵּן לוֹ דְּבַר מַאֲכָל חָשׁוּב שֶׁאֵינוֹ שָׁכִיחַ בְּכָל יוֹם וְהוּא דָּבָר שֶׁאֵינוֹ מִתְקַלְקֵל, יִקְנֵהוּ לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת. וּבְעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, מִצְוָה שֶׁיַּשְׁכִּים בַּבֹּקֶר לִקְנֹת צָרְכֵי שַׁבָּת. וְיכוֹל לִקְנוֹת גַּם קֹדֶם הַתְּפִלָּה ובִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְאַחֵר עַל יְדֵי זֶה תְּפִלַּת צִבּוּר. וְטוֹב יוֹתֵר לִקְנֹת בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת, מִלִּקְנֹת בְּיוֹם ה'. אַךְ דָּבָר שֶׁצָּרִיךְ הֲכָנָה, יִקְנֶה בְּיוֹם ה'. וְעַל כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁהוּא קוֹנֶה, יֹאמַר לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת. מִתַּקָּנַת עֶזְרָא, שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מְכַבְּסִין הַבְּגָדִים בַּחֲמִשִּׁי בְּשַׁבָּת לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת. וְלֹא בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁבְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת צָרִיךְ לְהִתְעַסֵּק בְּצָרְכֵי שַׁבָּת.
It is written, "Remember the Shabbos day to keep it holy," which means: you must remember the Shabbos every day of the week to keep it holy. Thus, if you happen to find a rare delicacy which is not available every day, and which will not spoil, you should buy it in honor of Shabbos. On the eve of Shabbos it is a mitzvah to rise early in the morning to purchase your Shabbos needs. You may shop for them even before saying the [morning] prayers, provided that doing so will not cause you to miss praying with the congregation. It is preferable to make purchases on Friday in honor of Shabbos rather than on Thursday. But something that requires preparation should be purchased on Thursday. With each purchase you make you should say, "This is in honor of Shabbos." In accordance with the ordinance of Ezra, clothes should be laundered on Thursday in honor of Shabbos, and not on Friday, because on Friday you must be engaged in preparations for Shabbos.
מִצְוָה עַל כָּל אָדָם שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁיֶּשׁ לוֹ כַּמָּה מְשָׁרְתִים, מִכָּל מָקוֹם יַעֲשֶׂה גַּם הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ אֵיזֶה דָּבָר לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת כְּדֵי לְכַבְּדוֹ, כִּדְמָצִינוּ בַּאָמוֹרָאִים, רַב חִסְדָּא הָיָה מְחַתֵּךְ אֶת הַיֶּרֶק דַּק דַּק, וְרַבָּה וְרַב יוֹסֵף הָיוּ מְבַקְּעִים עֵצִים, וְר' זֵירָא הָיָה מַדְלִיק אֶת הָאֵשׁ, וְרַב נַחְמָן הָיָה מְתַקֵּן אֶת הַבַּיִת וּמַכְנִיס כֵּלִים הַצְּרִיכִים לַשַׁבָּת, וּמְפַנֶּה כְּלֵי הַחֹל. וּמֵהֶם יִלְמַד כָּל אָדָם וְלֹא יֹאמַר לֹא אֶפְגֹם בִּכְבוֹדִי, כִּי זֶהוּ כְּבוֹדוֹ שֶׁהוּא מְכַבֵּד אֶת הַשַׁבָּת (ר"נ).
Even though he has many servants, it is a mitzvah for every person to do something himself in honor of Shabbos, in order to honor it, as was the custom of Amoraim. Rav Chisda used to cut the vegetables very fine, Rabba and Rav Yosef used to chop wood [for cooking], and Rav Zeira used to light the fire. Rav Nachman used to put the house in order, and would bring in the vessels needed for Shabbos and remove the weekday vessels. Everyone should learn from them and not say "I will not blemish my honor," for by honoring the Shabbos, he honors himself.
הַמִּנְהָג בְּכָל יִשְֹרָאֵל לֶאֱפוֹת בְּבָתֵּיהֶם לְחָמִים לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת, לֹא מִבַּעְיָא אִם אוֹכְלִים בִּימֵי הַחֹל פַּת פַּלְטֵר עוֹבֵד כּוֹכָבִים, שֶׁיֵּשׁ לִזָּהֵר לֶאֱכוֹל בְּיוֹם הַשַׁבָּת קֹדֶשׁ פַּת יִשְֹרָאֵל, אֶלָּא אֲפִלּוּ אִם בְּחֹל אוֹכֵל פַּת פַּלְטֵר יִשְֹרָאֵל, מִכָּל מָקוֹם לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת יֹאפוּ בְּבֵיתָם כְּדֵי שֶׁתְּקַיֵּם הָאִשָּׁה מִצְוַת הַפְרָשַׁת חַלָּה, כִּי אָדָם הָרִאשׁוֹן נִבְרָא בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת וְהָיָה חַלָּתוֹ שֶׁל עוֹלָם, וְהָאִשָּׁה בְּחֶטְאָה אִבְּדַתּוֹ, וְעַל כֵּן צְרִיכָה הִיא לְתַקֵּן דָּבָר זֶה. וְעושִׁין שָׁלשָׁה לְחָמִין, גָּדוֹל וּבֵינוֹנֵי וְקָטָן. הַבֵּינוֹנִי לִסְעוּדַּת הַלַּיְלָה, וְהַגָּדוֹל לִסְעוּדַּת הַיּוֹם, לְהַרְאוֹת כִּי כְּבוֹד הַיּוֹם עָדִיף, וְהַקָּטָן לִסְעוּדָּה שְׁלִישִׁית.
It is the custom among Jews everywhere, to bake breads (Challos) at home in honor of Shabbos. Certainly if on weekdays you eat bread from a non-Jewish (kosher) bakery, you should take care to eat bread baked in a Jewish bakery on the holy day of Shabbos. But even if on weekdays you eat bread from a Jewish bakery, nevertheless, in honor of Shabbos, the bread should be baked at home to give the woman of the house the opportunity to fulfill the mitzvah of separating challah. This is especially important for the woman because Adam was created on Erev Shabbos (Friday) and he was the challah of the world. The woman (Eve), through her sin caused him to lose (much of his spiritual greatness); she, therefore, must rectify this loss (through the mitzvah of challah). Three challahs should be made: a large one, a medium one, and a small one. The medium one for the evening meal, the large one for the daytime meal, to show that the honor of the daytime meal is of greater importance; and the small one for the third meal.
יָכִין בָּשָׂר וְדָגִים יָפִים וּמַטְעַמִּים וְיַיִן מְשֻׁבָּח כְּפִי יְכָלְתּוֹ, כִּי מִצְוָה לֶאֱכוֹל בְּכָל סְעוּדָּה מִסְּעוּדּוֹת שַׁבָּת דָּגִים, אִם אֵינָם מַזִּיקִין לוֹ. אֲבָל אִם מַזִּיקִין לוֹ אוֹ שֶׁאֵינָם עֲרֵבִים לוֹ, לֹא יֹאכְלֵם, כִּי הַשַׁבָּת לְעֹנֶג נִתַּן וְלֹא לְצַעַר. וְיַשְׁחִיז אֶת הַסַּכִּין, שֶׁזֶהוּ גַּם כֵּן מִכְּבוֹד הַשַׁבָּת, וִיתַקֵּן אֶת הַבַּיִת, וְיַצִּיעַ אֶת הַמִּטוֹת, וְיִפְרֹס מַפָּה עַל הַשֻּׁלְחָן, וּתְהֵא פְּרוּסָה כָּל יוֹם הַשַׁבָּת. וְיֵשׁ מְדַקְדְּקִין לִפְרֹס שְׁתֵּי מַפּוֹת. וְיִשְׂמַח בְּבִיאַת הַשַׁבָּת. וְיַחְשׁוֹב בְּדַעְתּוֹ, אִלּוּ הָיָה מְצַפֶּה שֶׁיָּבוֹא אֵלָיו אֵיזֶה אָדָם יָקָר וְחָשׁוּב, אֵיךְ הָיָה מְתַקֵּן אֶת הַבַּיִת לִכְבוֹדוֹ, וּמִכָּל שֶׁכֵּן לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת מַלְכְּתָא, בִּקְצָת מְקוֹמוֹת עוֹשִׂין פַּשְׁטִידָא אוֹ מֻלַיְתָא לִסְעוּדַּת לֵיל שַׁבָּת, זֵכֶר לַמָּן שֶׁהָיָה מֻנָּח כְּמוֹ בְּקֻפְסָה, טַל לְמַטָּה וְטַל לְמַעְלָה. יֵשׁ לִטְעֹם בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת אֶת הַתַּבְשִׁילִין שֶׁנַּעֲשׂוּ לְשַׁבָּת (רמ"ב ר"נ רס"ב).
You should prepare choice meats, and fish, and fine wine according to your means. It is a mitzvah to eat fish at every Shabbos meal if it agrees with you. But if it does not agree with you or if it isn't pleasing to your taste you should not eat it, for the Shabbos was given for enjoyment and not for discomfort. You should sharpen the knives, for this is also included in honoring the Shabbos. You should put the house in order, make the beds, and cover the table with a tablecloth. The table should remain covered the entire Shabbos. Some people are meticulous to spread out two tablecloths. You should rejoice in the coming of the Shabbos. Imagine how you would put the house in order in honor of the arrival of a dear and distinguished person, all the more so [should you exert yourself] in honor of the Shabbos Queen. In some places they make meat pies, also called mulyesa for the Shabbos evening meal, in remembrance of the Manna which lay as if in a box, dew on the bottom and dew on top. On Erev Shabbos, you should taste the food that was cooked for Shabbos.
אֲפִלּוּ עָנִי שֶׁבְּיִשְֹרָאֵל יִזְדָּרֵז וְיִתְאַמֵּץ לְעַנֵּג אֶת הַשַׁבָּת. וִיצַמְצֵם בְּכָל הַשָּׁבוּעַ כְּדֵי שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ מָעוֹת לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ מָעוֹת, יִלְוֶה אֲפִלּוּ עַל מַשְׁכּוֹנוֹת לְצָרְכֵי שַׁבָּת. וְעַל זֶה אָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, בָּנַי, לְווּ עָלַי וַאֲנִי פּוֹרֵעַ. וְכָל מְזוֹנוֹתָיו שֶׁל אָדָם, קְצוּבִים לוֹ מֵרֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה, חוּץ מֵהוֹצָאוֹת שַׁבָּת וְיוֹם טוֹב שֶׁאִם מוֹסִיף מוֹסִיפִין לוֹ. וְאִם הַשָּׁעָה דְּחוּקָה לוֹ בְּיוֹתֵר, עַל זֶה אָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה, עֲשֵׂה שַׁבָּתְךָ חֹל וְאַל תִּצְטָרֵךְ לַבְּרִיּוֹת. וּמִכָּל מָקוֹם אִם אֶפְשָׁר לוֹ, יִרְאֶה עַל כָּל פָּנִים לַעֲשׂוֹת לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת אֵיזֶה דָּבָר מֻעָט, כְּגוֹן דָּגִים קְטַנִּים וְכַדּוֹמֶה. מִי שֶּׁשָּׁלְחוּ לוֹ אֵיזֶה דָּבָר לְאָכְלוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת, יֵשׁ לוֹ לְאָכְלוֹ בַשַׁבָּת וְלֹא לְהַשְׁאִירוֹ לַחֹל.
Even a poor Jew should endeavor and make every effort to delight in the Shabbos. He should economize all week in order to have enough money to honor the Shabbos. And if he doesn't have money he should borrow, even if he must give security, in order to provide the needs of Shabbos. Regarding this, our Rabbis of blessed memory said, "My children, borrow for My sake and I will repay you." On Rosh Hashana all of man's needs are apportioned for him except his expenses for Shabbos and Yom Tov, for if he spends more for Shabbos and Yom Tov, Heaven adds more to his (allotment). If he is in extremely poor financial straits, our Rabbis of blessed memory said, "Make your Shabbos simple (like the weekdays) rather than depend on people." Nevertheless, if at all possible, he should at least try to do something to honor the Shabbos, even a minor thing, like [purchasing] small fish or the like. If something is sent to you to eat on Shabbos, you should eat it on Shabbos and not leave it for a weekday.
אֵין לַעֲשׂוֹת מְלָאכָה בְּדֶרֶךְ קֶבַע בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, מִמִּנְחָה קְטַנָּה וּלְמַעְלָה (עַיֵן לעֵיל סִימָן ס"ט סָעִיף ב'). אֲבָל בְּדֶרֶךְ אֲרַעי, מֻתָּר. וּלְצֹרֶךְ שַׁבָּת, גַּם אַחַר כָּךְ מֻתָּר. וְלַעֲשׂוֹת בִּגְדֵי חֲבֵרוֹ בְּשָׂכָר, אָסוּר. אַךְ מִי שֶׁהוּא עָנִי וְרוֹצֶה לְהִשְׂתַּכֵּר לְצֹרֶךְ שַׁבָּת, מֻתָּר לוֹ כָּל הַיּוֹם, כְּמוֹ בְּחֹל הַמּוֹעֵד. לְסַפֵּר אֶת יִשְֹרָאֵל, מֻתָּר כָּל הַיּוֹם, אֲפִלּוּ מַעֲשֵׂה אֻמָּן, אֲפִלּוּ בְּשָׂכָר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַתִּסְפֹּרֶת נִכֶּרֶת שֶׁנַּעֲשִֵית עַכְשָׁו בִּשְׁבִיל הַשַׁבָּת. יֵשׁ לְהַסְגִּיר אֶת הַחֲנֻיּוֹת שָׁעָה אַחַת לִפְנֵי הַשַׁבָּת (אִם הוּא בַּדֶּרֶךְ, עַיֵן לְעֵיל סִימָן ס"ח סָעִיף י"ב רנ"א רנ"ו).
Regular work should not be done on Erev Shabbos, from the time of Minchah Ketanah and thereafter, but on a provisional basis it is permitted. If one must work in order to provide for Shabbos meals, it is permitted even after that. It is forbidden to make clothes for someone for money, but if he is poor and wants to earn enough for Shabbos needs (meals), he is permitted to work all day [Friday]; just the same as on Chol Hamoed. Giving a haircut to a Jew is permissible all day [on Friday], and even a professional haircut for pay [is permitted] because it is obvious that the haircut is given now for Shabbos. Stores should be closed [at least] one hour before the Shabbos.
מִתֵּשַׁע שָׁעוֹת זְמַנִּיּוֹת וּלְמַעְלָה, מִצְוָה לְהִמָּנַע מִסְעוּדָּה, אֲפִלּוּ מַה שֶּׁהוּא רָגִיל בְּחֹל. וּסְעוּדָּה שֶׁאֵינוֹ רָגִיל בָּהּ בַּחֹל אֲפִלּוּ הִיא סְעוּדַּת מִצְוָה, אִם הָיָה אֶפְשָׁר לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ בְּיוֹם אַחֵר, אָסוּר לַעֲשׂוֹתָהּ בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת כָּל הַיּוֹם, אֲפִלּוּ בַּבֹּקֶר. אַךְ סְעוּדַּת מִצְוָה שֶׁזְּמַנָּהּ קָבוּעַ הַיּוֹם, כְּגוֹן מִילָה וּפִדְיוֹן הַבֵּן וְכַדּוֹמֶה, מֻתָּר. וּמִכָּל מָקוֹם נָכוֹן לְהַקְדִּימָהּ בַּבֹּקֶר וְלֹא יַרְבֶּה בָּהּ, וּמִכָּל שֶׁכֵּן שֶׁלֹּא לֶאֱכוֹל אֲכִילָה גַּסָּה, כְּדֵי שֶׁיֹּאכְלוּ סְעוּדַּת שַׁבָּת לְתֵאָבוֹן (רמ"ט).
From nine hours, shaos zemanios and thereafter, it is a mitzvah to refrain from eating a regular meal, even the kind you regularly eat during the week. A type of meal that is not usually eaten during the week, even a meal that is considered a mitzvah that can be eaten on another day must not be eaten at any time on Friday, (not) even in the morning. But a meal that is considered a mitzvah which must be eaten specifically (on that) day, such as the meal given at a circumcision, or at the redemption of the first born son, and the like, is permitted. But, nevertheless, it is proper to (make it) early in the morning and not to prolong it, and certainly not to indulge in overeating, so that you will be able to eat the Shabbos meal with appetite.
חַיָּב כָּל אָדָם לְהַשְׁלִים פָּרָשִׁיּוֹתָיו עִם הַצִּבּוּר, דְּהַיְנוּ שֶׁיִּקְרָא בְּכָל שָׁבוּעַ פָּרָשַׁת הַשָּׁבוּעַ שְׁנַיִם מִקְרָא וְאֶחָד תַּרְגּוּם. וּמִיּוֹם רִאשׁוֹן וָאֵילַךְ חָשׁוּב עִם הַצִּבּוּר, (שֶׁכְּבָר הִתְחִילוּ הַצִּבּוּר פָּרָשָׁה זוֹ בְּשַׁבָּת בְּמִנְחָה). אֲבָל הַמִּצְוָה מִן הַמֻּבְחָר הִיא לִקְרֹתָהּ בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת אַחַר חֲצוֹת הַיּוֹם. וְיֵשׁ לִקְרוֹת כָּל פָּרָשָׁה, דְּהַיְנוּ פְּתוּחָה אוֹ סְתוּמָה, שְׁנֵי פְּעָמִים, וְאַחַר כָּךְ הַתַּרְגּוּם עָלֶיהָ, (כֵּן הִסְכִּים הַגָּאוֹן הָרַב רַבִּי אֵלִיָהוּ מִוִילְנָא זֵכֶר צַדִּיק לִבְרָכָה) וַאֲפִלּוּ הַפָּרָשָׁה מְסַיֶּמֶת בְּאֶמְצַע פָּסוּק, יַפְסִיק שָׁם. וּבַגְּמָר יֵשׁ לוֹמַר אַחַר הַתַּרְגּוּם פָּסוּק אֶחָד בַּתּוֹרָה, כְּדֵי לְסַיֵּם בַּתּוֹרָה. וְטוֹב שֶׁלֹּא יַפְסִיק בְּשִׂיחָה בֵּין הַקְּרִיאָה. וְנוֹהֲגִין לִקְרוֹת גַּם הַהַפְטָרָה. וְיֵשׁ נוֹהֲגִין עוֹד לוֹמַר אַחַר כָּךְ שִׁיר הַשִּׁירִים. וּמִי שֶׁהוּא בַּדֶּרֶךְ וְאֵין לוֹ רַק חֻמָּשׁ בְּלִי תַּרְגּוּם, יִקְרָא שְׁתֵּי פְּעָמִים מִקְרָא. וּכְשֶׁיָּבוֹא לְמָקוֹם שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ תַּרְגּוּם, יִקְרָא הַתַּרְגּוּם (רפ"ה). גַּם יֵשׁ לוֹ לְכָל יְרֵא שָׁמַיִם, לִלְמוֹד פֵּרוּשׁ רַשִׁ"י עַל הַסִּדְרָה, וְאִם לָאו בַּר הָכִי הוּא יִלְמַד פֵּרוּשׁ אַשְׁכְּנַזִי (לוֹעֲזִי) עַל הַסִּדְרָה, כְּגוֹן סֵפֶר "צְאֶינָה וּרְאֶינָה" וְכַדּוֹמֶה, שֶׁיָּבִין עִנְיַן הַסִּדְרָה.
Every man must complete the Parshah of the week with the congregation; that is, you should read the weekly portion (of the Torah) twice and the Targum (Onkelos) once. From Sunday and after, it is considered [reading] 'with the congregation' (for the congregation has already started reading this portion at Minchah on Shabbos). But the mitzvah done in its perfection is to read it on Erev Shabbos in the afternoon. You should [first] read each chapter two times and after that the Targum. It makes no difference if the Chapter is a closed or open one. And even if the chapter ends in the middle of a verse, you should stop there. After finishing the Targum you should read one verse from the Torah in order to conclude with the Torah. It is best not to interrupt the reading with conversation. It is also customary to read the Haftarah, and some are accustomed also to say Shir HaShirim after that. If you are traveling and you have only a Chumash without Targum, you should read the weekly Torah portion two times, and when you come to a place where a Targum is available you should read the Targum. [Every God fearing Jew should also study Rashi's commentary on the Sidrah. If you are not capable [of learning Rashi], you should study a commentary in Yiddish such as the seifer Tze'enah Ure'enah in order to understand the subject matter of the Sidrah].
מִצְוָה עַל כָּל אָדָם לִרְחוֹץ בְּכָל עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת פָּנָיו יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו בְּחַמִּין. וְאִם אֶפְשָׁר, יִרְחַץ כָּל גּוּפוֹ בְּחַמִּין (ר"מ), וְיִטְבֹּל אֶת עַצְמוֹ בְּמִקְוֶה (וְהַגָּאוֹן מהריעב"ץ כָּתַב, שֶׁלֹּא יִרְחַץ כָּל גוּפו, מִשׁוּם דְּקָשֶה לַתַּשְׁמִישׁ בְּאוֹתוֹ יוֹם).
It is a mitzvah for everyone to wash his face, hands, and feet with hot water every Friday. And if possible you should wash your whole body with hot water, and immerse yourself in the mikveh [ritualarium].
אָסוּר לִרְחוֹץ עִם אָבִיו וְחָמִיו וּבַעַל אִמּוֹ וּבַעַל אֲחוֹתוֹ. וּבְמָקוֹם שֶׁנּוֹהֲגִין לְכַסּוֹת עֶרְוַתן בְּבֵית הַמֶּרְחָץ, מֻתָּר. וְכֵן הַתַּלְמִיד לֹא יִרְחַץ עִם רַבּוֹ, וְאִם צָרִיךְ לוֹ שֶׁיְשַׁמְּשֶׁנוּ, מֻתָּר.
It is forbidden to bathe with your father, father-in-law, your mother's husband, or your sister's husband. And in places where it is customary to cover their nakedness in the bath house, it is permitted. And also the student should not bathe with his (teacher) Rebbe, but if he needs him to assist him, it is permitted.
וּמִצְוָה לָחֹף אֶת הָרֹאשׁ וְלָקֹץ אֶת הַצִּפָּרְנַיִם, וְכֵן לְגַלֵּחַ שַׂעֲרוֹת רֹאשׁוֹ אִם הָיוּ גְּדוֹלוֹת. וְאֵין לָקֹץ צִפָּרְנֵי יָדָיו וְרַגְלָיו בְּיוֹם אֶחָד. גַּם אֵין לָקֹץ צִפָּרְנָיו אוֹ לְגַלֵּחַ שַׂעֲרוֹת בְּרֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ, אֲפִלּוּ חַל בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת. יֵשׁ מַקְפִּידִין שֶׁלֹּא לִטּוֹל אֶת הַצִּפָּרְנַיִם כְּסִדְרָן אֶלָּא בְּדִלּוּג, דְּהַיְנוּ בְּיָמִין מַתְחִילִין בָּאֶצְבַּע הַסְּמוּכָה לַאֲגוּדָל, וְהַסִימָן בִּדְאָגָ"ה וּבִשְׂמֹאל מַתְחִילִין בָּאֶצְבַּע הָרְבִיעִית וְהַסִימָן דִּבְהֶגֶ"א. גַּם יֵשׁ מַקְפִּידִין שֶׁלֹּא לִטּוֹל אֶת הַצִּפָּרְנַיִם בְּיוֹם ה', כִּי מַתְחִילִין לִגְדּוֹל בְּיוֹם שַׁבָּת, שֶׁהוּא יוֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁי. טוֹב לִזָּהֵר לִשְׂרֹף אֶת הַצִּפָּרְנַיִם (אוֹרַח חַיִּים סִימָן ר"ס).
It is a mitzvah to wash your hair and to cut your nails and to have your hair cut if it is too long. You should not cut your fingernails and toenails on the same day, and you should not cut your nails or your hair on Rosh Chodesh, even if it occurs on Erev Shabbos. Some are particular not to cut their nails in consecutive order but to alternate; beginning with the right hand, you start with the finger next to the thumb, and the symbol is 2, 4, 1, 3, 5. On the left (hand) you start with the fourth finger, and the symbol is 4, 2, 5, 3, 1. Some are also particular not to cut their nails on Thursday because they start growing on Shabbos which is the third day. It is proper to take care to burn your nails after they are cut.
בְּכָל עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת יְפַשְׁפֵּשׁ בְּמַעֲשָׂיו, וְיִתְעוֹרֵר בִּתְשׁוּבָה לְתַקֵּן כָּל הַקִּלְקוּלִים שֶׁעָשָׂה בְּשֵׁשֶׁת יְמֵי הַמַּעֲשֶׂה, כִּי עֶרֶב שַׁבָּת כּוֹלֵל כָּל יְמֵי הַשָּׁבוּעַ, כְּמוֹ עֶרֶב רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ כּוֹלֵל כָּל הַחֹדֶשׁ (ספרי מוסר).
Every Erev Shabbos you should examine your deeds, arouse yourself to repent and make amends for all the misdeeds you did in the six weekdays; because Erev Shabbos incorporates all the days of the week, just as Erev Rosh Chodesh incorporates the whole month.
יִשְׁתַּדֵּל שֶׁיִּהְיוּ לוֹ בְּגָדִים נָאִים, וְגַם טַלִּית שֶׁל מִצְוָה נָאָה לִכְבוֹד שַׁבָּת, דִּכְתִיב וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ, וְדָרְשִׁינָן, שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא מַלְבּוּשְׁךָ שֶׁל שַׁבָּת כְּמַלְבּוּשְׁךָ שֶׁל חֹל (רס"ב). וַאֲפִלּוּ הוּא בַדֶּרֶךְ בֵּין הַנָּכְרִים, מִכָּל מָקוֹם יִלְבַּשׁ בִּגְדֵי שַׁבָּת, כִּי אֵין הַמַּלְבוּשִׁים לִכְבוֹד הָרוֹאִים אֶלָּא לִכְבוֹד הַשַׁבָּת (חַיֵּי אָדָם).
You should try to wear fine clothing and also a nice tallis in honor of Shabbos, as it is written "And you shall honor it;" and it is explained [by the Sages] that your Shabbos clothes should not be like your weekday clothes. And even if you are traveling amongst non-Jews, you should wear Shabbos clothes, because the clothes are not for the honor of those who see them but for the honor of the Shabbos.
הַתַּבְשִׁילִין צְרִיכִין לְהַשְׁגִּיחַ לַהֲסִירָן מִן הַגֶּחָלִים קֹדֶם שַׁבָּת, (עַיֵן לְקַמָּן סִימָן פ' סָעִיף ה'). וְאִם שָׁכַח וְלֹא הֵסִירָן, אֲזַי אִם יָבֹא בַשַׁבָּת לָקַחַת אֶת הַקְּדֵרָה וְגֶחָלִים בּוֹעֲרוֹת סָבִיב לָהּ, שֶׁאִם יִקַּח אֶת הַקְּדֵרָה יָזִיז אֶת הַגֶּחָלִים אָסוּר לְיִשְֹרָאֵל לָקַחַת אוֹתָהּ. וְעַל יְדֵי אֵינוֹ יְהוּדִי, מֻתָּר.
Cooked foods must be removed from the coals before Shabbos. If you forgot, and did not remove them, you are forbidden to remove the pot while coals are burning around it; since by taking the pot the coals will be moved. But it is permissible through a non-Jew.
הַתַּבְשִׁילִין שֶׁמַּטְמִינִין בַּתַּנּוּר לְיוֹם הַשַׁבָּת כַּנָּהוּג, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהַפֶּתַח אֵינוֹ טוּחַ בַּטִּיט, מֻתָּר. וְאָסוּר לִפְתֹּחַ אֶת הַתַּנּוּר בַּלַּיְלָה, כִּי שֶׁמָּא יֵשׁ קְדֵרוֹת שֶׁעֲדַיִן לֹא נִתְבַּשְּׁלוּ כָּל צָרְכָּן. וְעַל יְדֵי שֶׁיִּסְתֹּם אַחַר כָּךְ אֶת הַתּנּוּר, יִגְרֹם בִּשּׁוּל.
Cooked food [may be] placed in the oven [on Friday] to be eaten on Shabbos, as is our custom. Even though the door is not sealed with mortar, it is permitted. However, it is forbidden to open the oven at night, for there may be food which is not thoroughly cooked, and by closing the oven afterwards you will cause the cooking to be accelerated.
הָא דְּמֻתָּר לְהַטְמִין גַּם כְּשֶׁאֵין הַתַּנּוּר טוּחַ בְּטִיט, זֶהוּ דַּוְקָא כְּשֶׁמַּטְמִינִין בָּשָׂר, וְכֵן אֲפִלּוּ כְּשֶׁמַּטְמִינִין מִינֵי קִטְנִיּוֹת וּמִינֵי בָּצֵק, אֶלָּא שֶׁמַּטְמִינִים זְמַן הַרְבֵּה קֹדֶם הַלַּיְלָה בְּאֹפֶן שֶׁיּוּכְלוּ לְהִתְבַּשֵּׁל קֹדֶם הַלַּיְלָה קְצָת עַד שֶׁיִהְיוּרְאוּיִים לַאֲכִילָה עַל יְדֵי הַדְּחָק. אֲבָל כְּשֶׁמַּטְמִינִין מִינֵי קִטְנִיּוֹת וּמִינֵי בָּצֵק סָמוּךְ לַלַּיְלָה, צְרִיכִין דַּוְקָא לָטוּחַ אֶת הַתַּנּוּר בְּטִיט (כִּי מִן הַסְּתָם אֵינוֹ גָּרוּף וְקָטוּם כָּרָאוּי). וּצְרִיכִין לִזָּהֵר בָּזֶה. כִּי אִם לֹא עָשׂוּ כֵן, אָז אֲפִלּוּ בְּדִיעֲבַד הַמַּאֲכָלִים אֲסוּרִים עַד לְמוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת בִּכְדֵי שֶׁיֵּעָשׂוּ.
The law which permits us to place cooked food in the oven even when the oven door is not sealed with mortar applies only to meat, and also to various kinds of legumes [peas, etc.], and also to various types of dough, provided you put them in the oven a long time before nightfall, so that the food will be cooked a little before nightfall, until it reaches the stage when it can be eaten with difficulty. But if you place legumes or types of dough in the oven close to nightfall you must seal the oven door with mortar. (For probably the coals were not removed or were not covered and cooled with ashes properly.) You must be careful about this; for if you failed to do this, the food is forbidden even bediavad (post factum) until after Shabbos, until enough time has elapsed to accomplish what was done (on Shabbos)
בְּשַׁבָּת כְּשֶׁפּוֹתְחִין אֶת הַתַּנּוּר שֶׁהוּא טוּחַ בְּטִיט, יֵשׁ לְפָתְחוֹ עַל יְדֵי אֵינוֹ יְהוּדִי. וְאִם אֵין אֵינוֹ יְהוּדִי יֵשׁ לְפָתְחוֹ עַל יְדֵי קָטָן. וְאִם אֵין קָטָן, מֻתָּר גַּם לְגָדוֹל לְפָתְחוֹ, וְיֵשׁ לַעֲשׂוֹת עַל יְדֵי שִׁנּוּי (רנ"ט).
On Shabbos, opening the oven door that is sealed with mortar, should be done by a non-Jew, and if a non-Jew is not available, it should be opened by a minor. If a minor is unavailable, even an adult may open it, but in a way that is different than on a weekday.
הַמַּטְמִין קַאפֶע בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת בְּתוֹךְ הַגּוּמָה לְצֹרֶךְ שַׁבָּת וּמְכַסֵּהוּ בְּכָרִים וְכַדּוֹמֶה, שֶׁיְהֵא חַם, אִם הוּא מַטְמִינוֹ בְּתוֹךְ הַחוֹל, אָסוּר לְהַטְמִין כָּל הַכְּלִי בְּתוֹךְ הַחוֹל. וַאֲפִלּוּ אֵינוֹ מַטְמִין כָּל הַכְּלִי אֶלָּא מִקְּצָתוֹ וְעַל מִקְּצָתוֹ מְכַסֶּה בִּבְגָדִים וְכַדּוֹמֶה בְּאֹפֶן שֶׁכָּל הַכְּלִי מְכֻסֶּה מִכָּל הַצְּדָדִים, גַּם זֶה אָסוּר, אֶלָּא צָרִיךְ לַעֲשׂוֹת בְאֹפֶן זֶה, שֶׁהַכְּלִי אֲשֶׁר בְּתוֹכוֹ הַקַּאפֶע יַטְמִינוֹ רַק עַד חֶצְיוֹ אוֹ עַד שְׁלִישִיתוֹ בְּתוֹךְ הַחוֹל, וְהַמּוֹתָר יְהֵא בָּאֲוִיר, וְיִתֵּן עַל הַגוּמָּה דַּף אוֹ יִכְפֶּה עָלָיו כְּלִי, שֶׁיְהֵא אֲוִיר בֵּינוֹ וּבֵין הַכְּלִי שֶׁבְּתוֹכוֹ הַקַּאפֶע, וְאָז יָכוֹל לִתֵּן עֲלֵיהֶם בְּגָדִים וְכָרִים וְכַדּוֹמֶה (היי"א). (יֶתֶר דִּינֵי הַטְמָנָה בְּשֻׁלְחָן עָרוּךְ סִימָן רנ"ז, רנ"ח, רנ"ט.)
Erev Shabbos, when you put a pot of coffee, into a hole [in the ground], [to retain its warmth,] so that it can be used on Shabbos, and cover it with pillows or similar things to keep it warm; if you put it into sand, it is forbidden to insert the whole vessel into the sand. Even if you don't insert the whole vessel but only part of it, and you cover the remainder with clothing or similar things, so that the whole vessel is covered on all sides, this too is forbidden. You must do it in such a way that the pot of coffee is inserted so that only one half or one third is in the sand, and the remainder exposed to the air (in the hole). You may then place a board or inverted vessel to cover the hole so that there is air space between it (the cover) and the pot of coffee. After doing this you may put over them clothing, pillows or similar items. (For more laws pertaining to hatmanah see Shulchan Aruch, Chapters 257, 258, 259.)
סָמוּךְ לַחֲשֵׁכָה יִשְׁאַל לְאַנְשֵׁי בֵּיתוֹ בְּלָשׁוֹן רַכָּה, הִפְרַשְׁתֶּם חַלָּה. וְיֹאמַר לָהֶם, הַדְלִיקוּ אֶת הַנֵּר.
Before dark on Friday you should gently ask your household: "Did you separate Challah?" And you should tell them to light the (Shabbos) candles.
חַיָּב אָדָם לְמַשְׁמֵשׁ בִּבְגָדָיו בְּעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת קֹדֶם חֲשֵׁכָה אִם אֵין מַחַט תָּחוּבָה בָּהֶם אוֹ אִם אֵין אֵיזֶה דָּבָר בַּכִּיסִים, וַאֲפִלּוּ בְּמָקוֹם שֶׁיֵּשׁ עֵרוּב, שֶׁמָּא יֵשׁ בָּהֶם אֵיזֶה דְּבַר מֻקְצֶה (רנ"ב).
You must examine your clothing on Friday before dark (to see) whether a needle is stuck in them or if there is anything in the pockets. Even in a place where there is an eiruv [it is necessary to check clothing] because the pockets might contain something that is muktzeh.
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Shulchan Aruch Harav
The Alter Rebbe's Shulchan Aruch - Code of Jewish Law
Tehillim Ohel Yosef Yitzchak
A must read and guiding line: To go through every step, of the 42 steps in our diaspora until we reach Eretz Yisrael, the unification of Yehuda and Ephraim, when the Jews start to build The Temple and Restoring her Temple Service. It is for all Beit Yisrael International members the way to go.
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A must read and guiding line: To go through every step, of the 42 steps in our diaspora until we reach Eretz Yisrael, the unification of Yehuda and Ephraim, when the Jews start to build The Temple and Restoring her Temple Service. It is for all Beit Yisrael International members the way to go.
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42 Journeys of the Soul
The Messianic age will elevate the entire universe, including all the spiritual realms.
Don't make dogma's out of it. But elevate your souls by learning the Mitzvot surrounded by the Jewish Halakhot.
And the teachings of Chassidut by the Chassidim.
That we may hold on the 'right understanding' in our 'travel' through the 'dessert' our 'diaspora':
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And the teachings of Chassidut by the Chassidim.
What Is Kabbalah?
The Soul of Judaism
By Tzvi Freeman
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What Is Chassidut?
Teachings from the core essence
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What Is Chabad?
Do-It-Yourself Judaism
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What Is a Tzaddik?
Being human all the way
The Tzaddik HaDor
And…… to all Jews and Ephraimites:
Pirkei Avot 6:10
Dr. Joshua Kulp
חֲמִשָּׁה קִנְיָנִים קָנָה לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְעוֹלָמוֹ, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן, תּוֹרָה קִנְיָן אֶחָד, שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ קִנְיָן אֶחָד, אַבְרָהָם קִנְיָן אֶחָד, יִשְׂרָאֵל קִנְיָן אֶחָד, בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קִנְיָן אֶחָד. תּוֹרָה מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (משלי ח), ה' קָנָנִי רֵאשִׁית דַּרְכּוֹ קֶדֶם מִפְעָלָיו מֵאָז. שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (ישעיה סו), כֹּה אָמַר ה' הַשָּׁמַיִם כִּסְאִי וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי אֵי זֶה בַיִת אֲשֶׁר תִּבְנוּ לִי וְאֵי זֶה מָקוֹם מְנוּחָתִי, וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים קד) מָה רַבּוּ מַעֲשֶׂיךָ ה' כֻּלָּם בְּחָכְמָה עָשִׂיתָ מָלְאָה הָאָרֶץ קִנְיָנֶךָ. אַבְרָהָם קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (בראשית יד), וַיְבָרְכֵהוּ וַיֹּאמַר בָּרוּךְ אַבְרָם לְאֵל עֶלְיוֹן קֹנֵה שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ. יִשְׂרָאֵל קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (שמות טו), עַד יַעֲבֹר עַמְּךָ ה' עַד יַעֲבֹר עַם זוּ קָנִיתָ, וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים טז) לִקְדוֹשִׁים אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵמָּה וְאַדִּירֵי כָּל חֶפְצִי בָם. בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (שמות טו), מָכוֹן לְשִׁבְתְּךָ פָּעַלְתָּ ה' מִקְּדָשׁ ה' כּוֹנְנוּ יָדֶיךָ. וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים עח) וַיְבִיאֵם אֶל גְּבוּל קָדְשׁוֹ הַר זֶה קָנְתָה יְמִינוֹ:
Five possessions did the Holy Blessed One, set aside as his own in this world, and these are they: The Torah, one possession; Heaven and earth, another possession; Abraham, another possession; Israel, another possession; The Temple, another possession. 1a) The Torah is one possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written, “The Lord possessed (usually translated as ‘created’) me at the beginning of his course, at the first of His works of old” (Proverbs 8:22). 2a) Heaven and earth, another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is said: “Thus said the Lord: The heaven is My throne and the earth is My footstool; Where could you build a house for Me, What place could serve as My abode? (Isaiah 66:1) And it says: “How many are the things You have made, O Lord; You have made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions” (Psalms 104:24). 3a) Abraham is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written: “He blessed him, saying, “Blessed by Abram of God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth” (Genesis 15:19). 4a) Israel is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written: “Till Your people cross over, O Lord, Till Your people whom You have possessed” (Exodus 15:16). And it says: “As to the holy and mighty ones that are in the land, my whole desire (possession) is in them” (Psalms 16:3). 5a) The Temple is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is said: “The sanctuary, O lord, which your hands have established” (Exodus 15:17”, And it says: “And He brought them to His holy realm, to the mountain, which His right hand had possessed” (Psalms 78:54).
I like to call out to all my Jewish friends:
Zechariah 8:23
23So said the Lord of Hosts: In those days, when ten men of all the languages of the nations shall take hold of the skirt of a Jewish man, saying, "Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you."
כגכֹּֽה־אָמַר֘ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֚ר יַֽחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ עֲשָׂרָ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ בִּכְנַף֩ אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדִ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר נֵֽלְכָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים עִמָּכֶֽם:
ten men: from the seventy nations. This equals seven hundred for each corner. For the four corners of the tallith there will be two thousand and eight hundred.
עשרה אנשים: משבעים לשון הרי שבע מאות לכל כנף וכנף הרי לד' כנפי הטלית אלפים ושמונ' מאו':
That may come in fulfillment in our days:
Our souls are bearing the ‘sparks’ (divine aspects) of Messiah.It is forbidden to pray to bow down to any other (god), and/or messiah, and/or before any image or to lift up a human being as a god…… or to put any other (god), and/or messiah, and/or any image before or instead or between HaShem and us. ('It suf')“The redemption will come about only through the study of the Torah. And the essential redemption depends upon the study of the Kabbalah” According to: R. ELIYAHU, THE VILNA GAON (Evven Shelemah (a ‘complete, without defect stone’) 11:3)When Yehuda and Ephraim come to unity (again) Messiah Ben Joseph 'died' and Messiah Ben David shall be revealed and anointed by the Israeli people as the Messiah-King of Israel. As YeshaYahu is teaching:Isa 11:9 – 16 They do no evil nor destroy in all My set-apart mountain, for the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonai as the waters cover the sea.Rashi: knowledge of the Lord: [lit.] to know the Lord.10 And on that day, there shall be a Root of Yishai, standing as a banner to the people. Unto Him the nations shall seek, and His rest shall be esteem.Rashi: as a banner for peoples: that peoples should raise a banner to gather to him.11 And it shall be in that day that Adonai sets His hand again a second time to recover the remnant of His people who are left, from Ashshur and from Mitsrayim, from Pathros and from Kush, from Ěylam and from Shin‛ar, from Ḥamath and from the islands of the sea.Rashi: a second time: Just as he acquired them from Egypt, when their redemption was absolute, without subjugation, but the redemption preceding the building of the Second Temple is not counted, since they were subjugated to Cyrus.and from the islands of the sea: the islands of the Kittim, the Romans, the descendants of Esau.And he shall raise a banner: Perka, perche in O.F. [i.e., the verse is literally referring to the pole upon which the banner is attached.] And it shall be for a sign to gather to him and to bring the exiles of Israel to Him as a present.12 And He shall raise a banner for the nations, and gather the outcasts of Yisra’ěl, and assemble the dispersed of Yehuḏa from the four corners of the earth.13 And the envy of Ephrayim shall turn aside, and the adversaries of Yehuḏa be cut off. Ephrayim shall not envy Yehuḏa, and Yehuḏa not trouble Ephrayim.Rashi: Ephraim shall not envy Judah: The Messiah, the son of David, and the Messiah, the son of Joseph, shall not envy each other.14 But they shall fly down upon the shoulder of the Philistines toward the west; together they plunder the people of the east, their hand stretching forth on Eḏom and Mo’aḇ, and the children of Ammon shall be subject to them.Rashi: And they shall fly of one accord against the Philistines in the west: Heb. בְכָתֵף. Israel will fly and run of one accord against the Philistines who are in the west of Eretz Israel and conquer their land. [כָּתֵף, lit. a shoulder, is used in this case to denote unity. The word שֶׁכֶם, also lit. a shoulder, is used in a similar sense.] Comp. (Hoshea 6:9) “They murder on the way in unison (שֶׁכְמָה) ”; (Zeph. 3:9) “One accord (שְׁכֶם אֶחָד).” And so did Jonathan rendered it: And they shall join in one accord to smite the Philistines who are in the west.and the children of Ammon shall obey them: As the Targum states: Will hearken to them. They will accept their commandments over them.15 And Adonai shall put under the ban the tongue of the Sea of Mitsrayim, and He shall wave His hand over the River with the might of His Spirit, and shall strike it in the seven streams, and shall cause men to tread it in sandals.Rashi: And… shall dry up: [lit. shall cut off] to dry it, so that the exiles of Israel will pass through it from Egypt.over the river: The Euphrates River, for the exiles from Assyria to cross.with the strength of His wind: Heb. בַּעְיָם. This is hapax legomenon in Scripture, and according to the context it can be interpreted as “with the strength of His wind.”into seven streams: into seven segments, for the aforementioned seven exiles: from Assyria and from Egypt, etc. Those from the islands of the sea are not from that side.and He shall lead: the exiles within it.with shoes: on dry land.16 And there shall be a highway for the remnant of His people, those left from Ashshur, as it was for Yisra’ěl in the day when he came up from the land of Mitsrayim.Rashi: And there shall be a highway: in the midst of the water for the remnant of His people.
Please Judah if a righteous gentile tries ‘to grasp your ‘tsi-sit’ and say: "Let me go with you, for I have heard that God is with you." Open your heart for him/her and share all our Torah. The Torah of Moshe Rabbeinu as it is written and spared and is teaches in the Tanach and all scripture of Rabbinical Judaism………
Read my story:
Dr. Joshua Kulp
חֲמִשָּׁה קִנְיָנִים קָנָה לוֹ הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא בְעוֹלָמוֹ, וְאֵלּוּ הֵן, תּוֹרָה קִנְיָן אֶחָד, שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ קִנְיָן אֶחָד, אַבְרָהָם קִנְיָן אֶחָד, יִשְׂרָאֵל קִנְיָן אֶחָד, בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קִנְיָן אֶחָד. תּוֹרָה מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (משלי ח), ה' קָנָנִי רֵאשִׁית דַּרְכּוֹ קֶדֶם מִפְעָלָיו מֵאָז. שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (ישעיה סו), כֹּה אָמַר ה' הַשָּׁמַיִם כִּסְאִי וְהָאָרֶץ הֲדֹם רַגְלָי אֵי זֶה בַיִת אֲשֶׁר תִּבְנוּ לִי וְאֵי זֶה מָקוֹם מְנוּחָתִי, וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים קד) מָה רַבּוּ מַעֲשֶׂיךָ ה' כֻּלָּם בְּחָכְמָה עָשִׂיתָ מָלְאָה הָאָרֶץ קִנְיָנֶךָ. אַבְרָהָם קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (בראשית יד), וַיְבָרְכֵהוּ וַיֹּאמַר בָּרוּךְ אַבְרָם לְאֵל עֶלְיוֹן קֹנֵה שָׁמַיִם וָאָרֶץ. יִשְׂרָאֵל קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (שמות טו), עַד יַעֲבֹר עַמְּךָ ה' עַד יַעֲבֹר עַם זוּ קָנִיתָ, וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים טז) לִקְדוֹשִׁים אֲשֶׁר בָּאָרֶץ הֵמָּה וְאַדִּירֵי כָּל חֶפְצִי בָם. בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ קִנְיָן אֶחָד מִנַּיִן, דִּכְתִיב (שמות טו), מָכוֹן לְשִׁבְתְּךָ פָּעַלְתָּ ה' מִקְּדָשׁ ה' כּוֹנְנוּ יָדֶיךָ. וְאוֹמֵר (תהלים עח) וַיְבִיאֵם אֶל גְּבוּל קָדְשׁוֹ הַר זֶה קָנְתָה יְמִינוֹ:
Five possessions did the Holy Blessed One, set aside as his own in this world, and these are they: The Torah, one possession; Heaven and earth, another possession; Abraham, another possession; Israel, another possession; The Temple, another possession. 1a) The Torah is one possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written, “The Lord possessed (usually translated as ‘created’) me at the beginning of his course, at the first of His works of old” (Proverbs 8:22). 2a) Heaven and earth, another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is said: “Thus said the Lord: The heaven is My throne and the earth is My footstool; Where could you build a house for Me, What place could serve as My abode? (Isaiah 66:1) And it says: “How many are the things You have made, O Lord; You have made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions” (Psalms 104:24). 3a) Abraham is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written: “He blessed him, saying, “Blessed by Abram of God Most High, Possessor of heaven and earth” (Genesis 15:19). 4a) Israel is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is written: “Till Your people cross over, O Lord, Till Your people whom You have possessed” (Exodus 15:16). And it says: “As to the holy and mighty ones that are in the land, my whole desire (possession) is in them” (Psalms 16:3). 5a) The Temple is another possession. From where do we know this? Since it is said: “The sanctuary, O lord, which your hands have established” (Exodus 15:17”, And it says: “And He brought them to His holy realm, to the mountain, which His right hand had possessed” (Psalms 78:54).
I like to call out to all my Jewish friends:
Zechariah 8:23
23So said the Lord of Hosts: In those days, when ten men of all the languages of the nations shall take hold of the skirt of a Jewish man, saying, "Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you." | | כגכֹּֽה־אָמַר֘ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָאוֹת֒ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔מָּה אֲשֶׁ֚ר יַֽחֲזִ֙יקוּ֙ עֲשָׂרָ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים מִכֹּ֖ל לְשֹׁנ֣וֹת הַגּוֹיִ֑ם וְֽהֶחֱזִ֡יקוּ בִּכְנַף֩ אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדִ֜י לֵאמֹ֗ר נֵֽלְכָה֙ עִמָּכֶ֔ם כִּ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְנוּ אֱלֹהִ֥ים עִמָּכֶֽם: |
ten men: from the seventy nations. This equals seven hundred for each corner. For the four corners of the tallith there will be two thousand and eight hundred. | | עשרה אנשים: משבעים לשון הרי שבע מאות לכל כנף וכנף הרי לד' כנפי הטלית אלפים ושמונ' מאו': |
That may come in fulfillment in our days:
Our souls are bearing the ‘sparks’ (divine aspects) of Messiah.
It is forbidden to pray to bow down to any other (god), and/or messiah, and/or before any image or to lift up a human being as a god…… or to put any other (god), and/or messiah, and/or any image before or instead or between HaShem and us. ('It suf')
“The redemption will come about only through the study of the Torah. And the essential redemption depends upon the study of the Kabbalah” According to: R. ELIYAHU, THE VILNA GAON (Evven Shelemah (a ‘complete, without defect stone’) 11:3)
When Yehuda and Ephraim come to unity (again) Messiah Ben Joseph 'died' and Messiah Ben David shall be revealed and anointed by the Israeli people as the Messiah-King of Israel. As YeshaYahu is teaching:
Isa 11:9 – 16 They do no evil nor destroy in all My set-apart mountain, for the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonai as the waters cover the sea.
Rashi: knowledge of the Lord: [lit.] to know the Lord.
10 And on that day, there shall be a Root of Yishai, standing as a banner to the people. Unto Him the nations shall seek, and His rest shall be esteem.
Rashi: as a banner for peoples: that peoples should raise a banner to gather to him.
11 And it shall be in that day that Adonai sets His hand again a second time to recover the remnant of His people who are left, from Ashshur and from Mitsrayim, from Pathros and from Kush, from Ěylam and from Shin‛ar, from Ḥamath and from the islands of the sea.
Rashi: a second time: Just as he acquired them from Egypt, when their redemption was absolute, without subjugation, but the redemption preceding the building of the Second Temple is not counted, since they were subjugated to Cyrus.
and from the islands of the sea: the islands of the Kittim, the Romans, the descendants of Esau.
And he shall raise a banner: Perka, perche in O.F. [i.e., the verse is literally referring to the pole upon which the banner is attached.] And it shall be for a sign to gather to him and to bring the exiles of Israel to Him as a present.
12 And He shall raise a banner for the nations, and gather the outcasts of Yisra’ěl, and assemble the dispersed of Yehuḏa from the four corners of the earth.
13 And the envy of Ephrayim shall turn aside, and the adversaries of Yehuḏa be cut off. Ephrayim shall not envy Yehuḏa, and Yehuḏa not trouble Ephrayim.
Rashi: Ephraim shall not envy Judah: The Messiah, the son of David, and the Messiah, the son of Joseph, shall not envy each other.
14 But they shall fly down upon the shoulder of the Philistines toward the west; together they plunder the people of the east, their hand stretching forth on Eḏom and Mo’aḇ, and the children of Ammon shall be subject to them.
Rashi: And they shall fly of one accord against the Philistines in the west: Heb. בְכָתֵף. Israel will fly and run of one accord against the Philistines who are in the west of Eretz Israel and conquer their land. [כָּתֵף, lit. a shoulder, is used in this case to denote unity. The word שֶׁכֶם, also lit. a shoulder, is used in a similar sense.] Comp. (Hoshea 6:9) “They murder on the way in unison (שֶׁכְמָה) ”; (Zeph. 3:9) “One accord (שְׁכֶם אֶחָד).” And so did Jonathan rendered it: And they shall join in one accord to smite the Philistines who are in the west.
and the children of Ammon shall obey them: As the Targum states: Will hearken to them. They will accept their commandments over them.
15 And Adonai shall put under the ban the tongue of the Sea of Mitsrayim, and He shall wave His hand over the River with the might of His Spirit, and shall strike it in the seven streams, and shall cause men to tread it in sandals.
Rashi: And… shall dry up: [lit. shall cut off] to dry it, so that the exiles of Israel will pass through it from Egypt.
over the river: The Euphrates River, for the exiles from Assyria to cross.
with the strength of His wind: Heb. בַּעְיָם. This is hapax legomenon in Scripture, and according to the context it can be interpreted as “with the strength of His wind.”
into seven streams: into seven segments, for the aforementioned seven exiles: from Assyria and from Egypt, etc. Those from the islands of the sea are not from that side.
and He shall lead: the exiles within it.
with shoes: on dry land.
16 And there shall be a highway for the remnant of His people, those left from Ashshur, as it was for Yisra’ěl in the day when he came up from the land of Mitsrayim.
Rashi: And there shall be a highway: in the midst of the water for the remnant of His people.
Please Judah if a righteous gentile tries ‘to grasp your ‘tsi-sit’ and say: "Let me go with you, for I have heard that God is with you." Open your heart for him/her and share all our Torah. The Torah of Moshe Rabbeinu as it is written and spared and is teaches in the Tanach and all scripture of Rabbinical Judaism………
Read my story:
Ariel your Representee, Representee of Ephraim and adviser (not a rabbi but friendly adviser) of Bet Yisrael international on the Har HaBayit.
click: Welcome To Beit Yisrael
click: Welcome To Beit Yisrael
Beit Yisrael International (Ephraim, The Lost sheep from the House of Israel), Meditate and Realization of Chassidut Torah Teachings – The Strong foundation is based on Chabad teachings ( i.e The purpose of creation is to Bringing Heavens Down to Earth and to make Most High a dwelling place here on earth) and its pillars is based on the true concept of the Breslov Teachings ( in the context of Seventh Pillar of Tzaddik ) by following the Jewish Halacha Principles of Shulchan Aruch Halacha.
Beit Yisrael International (Ephraim, The Lost sheep from the House of Israel), Meditate and Realization of Chassidut Torah Teachings – The Strong foundation is based on Chabad teachings ( i.e The purpose of creation is to Bringing Heavens Down to Earth and to make Most High a dwelling place here on earth) and its pillars is based on the true concept of the Breslov Teachings ( in the context of Seventh Pillar of Tzaddik ) by following the Jewish Halacha Principles of Shulchan Aruch Halacha.
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Petition click: 1 Million for a Jewish Temple Mount!
It should be most honest:'Israeli MK proposes dividing Temple Mount between Jews and Muslims
Petition click: 1 Million for a Jewish Temple Mount!
It should be most honest:
'Israeli MK proposes dividing Temple Mount between Jews and Muslims
**AMIT HALEVI'S PLAN WOULD GIVE MUSLIMS CONTROL OF THE SOUTHERN END OF THE TEMPLE MOUNT COMPLEX, WHICH CONTAINS THE AL-AQSA MOSQUE, WHILE JEWS WOULD RECEIVE THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN AREAS.
(JUNE 8, 2023 / JNS)**A Likud lawmaker is proposing a plan to divide Jerusalem’s Temple Mount between Muslims and Jews and to remove Jordan’s custodial status over the holy site.Speaking to the Zman Yisrael Hebrew news site, Knesset member Amit Halevi outlined a plan whereby Muslims would control the southern end of the 37-acre complex which contains the Al-Aqsa mosque, while Jews would receive the central and northern area, where the Dome of the Rock sits.According to Halevi, the reorganization makes sense from a religious point of view because that part of the Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism, where it is believed the First and Second Temples stood. The Foundation Stone at the center of the Dome of the Rock is where Jewish sources place the Holy of Holies.“This is the place of the First Temple and the place of the Second Temple built by Babylonian immigrants. No one needs to examine the stones to know that it is ours,” he said.Halevi also wants to end Israel’s agreement with the Jordanian Waqf whereby the Islamic trust controls and manages Islamic edifices on the Temple Mount.“Why not give them status in the Dizengoff Center [a large shopping mall in Tel Aviv] as well? This is a terrible mistake. This status should be abolished. I know it’s an agreement between countries, but we have to deal with it. It requires change, even if the process will take time,” he said.In addition, Halevi wants to give Jews the same access to the Temple Mount enjoyed by Muslims. Currently, the Waqf only allows Jews and non-Muslim tourists access to the Temple Mount via the Maghrebi Gate and only at certain hours when the gate is open.“We will take the northern end and pray there. The entire mountain is sacred to us, and the Dome of the Rock is the place on which the Temple stood. This should be our guideline,” he said. “Israel is leading. It will be a historical, religious and national statement. If this does not happen then you are not actually the owner of the house. You are a klutz. Why are you even going in there?”
Please let we all, Jews and all their friends, take the Har HaBayit and start building the Temple and restoring her service?כִּ֤י אִם־הֵיטֵיב֙ תֵּיטִ֔יבוּ אֶת־דַּרְכֵיכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֑ם אִם־עָשׂ֤וֹ תַֽעֲשׂוּ֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֥ין רֵעֵֽהוּ׃
No, if you really mend your ways and your actions; if you execute justice between one party and another; גֵּ֣ר יָת֤וֹם וְאַלְמָנָה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲשֹׁ֔קוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֧ים אֲחֵרִ֛ים לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ לְרַ֥ע לָכֶֽם׃
if you do not oppress the stranger, the orphan, and the widow; if you do not shed the blood of the innocent in this place; if you do not follow other gods, to your own hurt— וְשִׁכַּנְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לַאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם לְמִן־עוֹלָ֖ם וְעַד־עוֹלָֽם׃
then only will I let you dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your ancestors for all time.Ariel your Representee, Representee of Ephraim and adviser (not a rabbi but friendly adviser) of Bet Yisrael international on the Har HaBayit.
(JUNE 8, 2023 / JNS)**
A Likud lawmaker is proposing a plan to divide Jerusalem’s Temple Mount between Muslims and Jews and to remove Jordan’s custodial status over the holy site.
Speaking to the Zman Yisrael Hebrew news site, Knesset member Amit Halevi outlined a plan whereby Muslims would control the southern end of the 37-acre complex which contains the Al-Aqsa mosque, while Jews would receive the central and northern area, where the Dome of the Rock sits.
According to Halevi, the reorganization makes sense from a religious point of view because that part of the Temple Mount is the holiest site in Judaism, where it is believed the First and Second Temples stood. The Foundation Stone at the center of the Dome of the Rock is where Jewish sources place the Holy of Holies.
“This is the place of the First Temple and the place of the Second Temple built by Babylonian immigrants. No one needs to examine the stones to know that it is ours,” he said.
Halevi also wants to end Israel’s agreement with the Jordanian Waqf whereby the Islamic trust controls and manages Islamic edifices on the Temple Mount.
“Why not give them status in the Dizengoff Center [a large shopping mall in Tel Aviv] as well? This is a terrible mistake. This status should be abolished. I know it’s an agreement between countries, but we have to deal with it. It requires change, even if the process will take time,” he said.
In addition, Halevi wants to give Jews the same access to the Temple Mount enjoyed by Muslims. Currently, the Waqf only allows Jews and non-Muslim tourists access to the Temple Mount via the Maghrebi Gate and only at certain hours when the gate is open.
“We will take the northern end and pray there. The entire mountain is sacred to us, and the Dome of the Rock is the place on which the Temple stood. This should be our guideline,” he said. “Israel is leading. It will be a historical, religious and national statement. If this does not happen then you are not actually the owner of the house. You are a klutz. Why are you even going in there?”
Please let we all, Jews and all their friends, take the Har HaBayit and start building the Temple and restoring her service?
כִּ֤י אִם־הֵיטֵיב֙ תֵּיטִ֔יבוּ אֶת־דַּרְכֵיכֶ֖ם וְאֶת־מַעַלְלֵיכֶ֑ם אִם־עָשׂ֤וֹ תַֽעֲשׂוּ֙ מִשְׁפָּ֔ט בֵּ֥ין אִ֖ישׁ וּבֵ֥ין רֵעֵֽהוּ׃
No, if you really mend your ways and your actions; if you execute justice between one party and another;
גֵּ֣ר יָת֤וֹם וְאַלְמָנָה֙ לֹ֣א תַעֲשֹׁ֔קוּ וְדָ֣ם נָקִ֔י אַֽל־תִּשְׁפְּכ֖וּ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה וְאַחֲרֵ֨י אֱלֹהִ֧ים אֲחֵרִ֛ים לֹ֥א תֵלְכ֖וּ לְרַ֥ע לָכֶֽם׃
if you do not oppress the stranger, the orphan, and the widow; if you do not shed the blood of the innocent in this place; if you do not follow other gods, to your own hurt—
וְשִׁכַּנְתִּ֤י אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּמָּק֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה בָּאָ֕רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר נָתַ֖תִּי לַאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם לְמִן־עוֹלָ֖ם וְעַד־עוֹלָֽם׃
then only will I let you dwell in this place, in the land that I gave to your ancestors for all time.
Ariel your Representee, Representee of Ephraim and adviser (not a rabbi but friendly adviser) of Bet Yisrael international on the Har HaBayit.
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